Lessons on the holy Koran- Exegesis of Suratul Ikhlas- Part 5- Hamam Nassereddine

8 المشاهدات· 24/07/29

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في محاضرات

This is part of a series of lectures given by Hamam Nassereddine that shed light on the holy Koran and explain its verses. These lectures were given at Mahad Imam Ridha in Imam Hussain Foundation.

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Transcript

[0:00]regime is foreign I mean in our last lesson we started with

[0:56]the tafsir with the explanation of the first verse in Surah when

[1:01]Allah says foreign he is one and we mentioned several points regarding

[1:16]the words in this short yet deep verse first of all we

[1:23]mentioned several points in regards to the word say which is directed

[1:28]at rasulullah one of the points we mentioned if you remember was

[1:35]that is a reminder from Allah that whatever is delivered to us

[1:43]by rasulullah when he tells us Allah says when he tells us

[1:50]that the Quran for example says so and so all that are

[1:55]not the words of rasulullah they're the words of Allah that were

[2:00]brought down on the prophet sallallahu alaihi and conveyed to humanity through

[2:07]Muhammad sallallahu alaihi wasallam foreign Ed a few points regarding the word

[2:18]Hua which literally means he we said that one tafsir mentioned um

[2:24]that Hua in this verse is a third person pronoun referring to

[2:30]Allah why does Allah choose to refer to himself using the third

[2:41]person pronoun to indicate that his Essence is hidden hidden in what

[2:44]sense hidden in the sense that whatever we do and no matter

[2:52]how deep uh thinkers we may be uh no matter how you

[2:55]know how deep we think uh at the end of the day

[3:00]we will not be able to fully understand Allah's Essence in fact

[3:05]whatever we've understood of his Essence subhanahu wa ta'ala of his attributes

[3:13]is inferior uh very inferior to his reality and then we mentioned

[3:23]a few points about the Holy Name Allahu we mentioned several points

[3:30]regarding the name Allah one of which was that Allah is the

[3:37]name of God Allah has chosen that name for him although he

[3:40]has other names as well but one a very beautiful um feature

[3:49]in the name Allah is that when you say Allah when you

[3:57]say Allah you are referring to all of God's attributes all of

[4:04]the positive and negative attributes at once and last week we explained

[4:08]the meaning of a negative attribute and how it does not indicate

[4:13]that there is any imperfection in God on the contrary it indicates

[4:19]that there are no imperfections no forms of incompletion in Allah finally

[4:27]we stopped at the word Ahad and that's where we want to

[4:30]continue today we stopped at the word Ahad we said that I

[4:41]had which literally is translated to one um here refers to Allah's

[4:49]simplicity that Allah is simple in what sense the sense that he

[4:58]is indivisible you cannot divide him whatsoever you cannot divide Allah azzawajal

[5:05]uh uh in the you know outer world and you cannot divide

[5:07]them even in the world of the intellect you cannot divide him

[5:13]subhanallah even through your imagination inshallah later on we're going to um

[5:18]speak with more details about this issue regarding Allah's indivisibility Allah and

[5:29]it also means that he's not composed of any parts so he

[5:36]is not made up of multiple components he's not like for example

[5:45]water which is a molecule made up of two hydrogen atoms and

[5:48]one oxygen atom you put them together and then you have water

[5:51]Allah is not like that he's not made up of parts so

[5:57]the word Ahad points to this reality does it point to other

[6:05]realities yes when we look at the words of the mufaserin we

[6:09]realize that the mufaserin mentioned several points regarding the word I had

[6:15]we're going to look at some tonight inshallah and then we're going

[6:17]to read a beautiful tradition by Imam al-bakar and Assad in regards

[6:27]to the verse so one other issue that the word Ahad points

[6:39]to is that Allah has no likes that Allah is completely unique

[6:45]there is nothing in existence like the almighty subhanahu so he has

[6:55]no partners he has no you know he has no Associates no

[7:00]matches what does that mean it means the word Ahad when Allah

[7:07]says the word I had points to and at the same time

[7:17]it points to a tawheedel ahadi what does that mean if you

[7:27]remember we said in a previous lesson which was possibly not recorded

[7:32]that we have different types of tahit different types of unity we

[7:38]have tawheed for the ibada unity and worship which means that uh

[7:45]that Allah is the only being who deserves to be worshiped hence

[7:51]you can only worship God can you worship thee close slaves of

[7:59]God like no you can't you have to respect them you have

[8:04]to highly Revere them love them submit to them but you don't

[8:07]worship them you worship Allah subhanahu and you use their love and

[8:16]obedience there you use your um respect and reverence towards them as

[8:24]a wasila as a means to reach Allah and to reach Allah's

[8:28]pleasure similar to how you use Salat for example or Siam to

[8:33]um to get to Allah to get to his pleasure although Salat

[8:38]and Siam are not Allah it's an action Siam is in action

[8:44]you refrain from a set of what a set of Deeds a

[8:50]set of uh actions when you are fasting and through that act

[8:57]you're doing what you're getting closer to Allah means that means that

[9:05]Allah is the only being who deserves to be worshiped all right

[9:09]then you have to hateful unity in traits unity in attributes which

[9:16]means that Allah's attributes are his own Essence there is no difference

[9:21]between them of course this needs what explanation but right now I'm

[9:29]just giving you uh you know uh General points and you have

[9:33]unity in essence unity in essence the unity in essence and Allah's

[9:41]Essence called for that is divided into two and ahadi all right

[9:50]what does that means you believe that Allah has no matches no

[9:57]likes nothing resembles God in existence means that you believe Allah is

[10:09]indivisible he's not composed of any parts so when Allah says the

[10:18]word I had points to both who says this is so this

[10:31]is I've mentioned to you before that has two books of tafsir

[10:45]one that is lengthy it's composed of six volumes and one that

[10:51]is very short it's only one book so basically one volume it's

[10:58]a summary of the six volume tafsir okay one second sorry all

[11:12]right now in in the verse Allah is what Allah is confirming

[11:19]that he is one that he's indivisible and that he has no

[11:25]matches no likes he is not presenting proof in this Surah in

[11:33]this chapter he's not presenting proof that confirms that he is you

[11:42]know totally unique such that he has no matches no likes and

[11:46]that he's indivisible who presents proofs in regards to these Concepts so

[11:56]when you look at the words of all right they mention proofs

[12:06]logical proofs confirming what confirming such issues regarding Allah or regarding other

[12:15]essential beliefs of course also presents proof regarding certain beliefs for example

[12:25]Allah mentioned in several verses uh logical proofs confirming that there's only

[12:32]one God and that there cannot be multiple gods that being said

[12:40]let us mention a few proofs that confirm tonight a few verbs

[12:46]not too many not too many foreign is not composed of parts

[13:01]we can present at least two simple yet solid proofs you know

[13:07]sometimes the proof is not uh extremely complex it's simple but it's

[13:12]solid it's very strong and it's unbreakable so you have to accept

[13:19]it what I mean to say is that the Simplicity of the

[13:21]proof does not mean it's wrong it does not mean it is

[13:28]wrong so concerning ahadi what is a logical proof that Allah is

[13:32]Ahad well one is if Allah was composed was composed of parts

[13:41]then he would need his parts he would need his parts to

[13:52]exist when you have a particular being that comes into existence after

[14:01]it's Parts come together what does that mean it means the existence

[14:08]of that let's say full being needs the parts to be attached

[14:15]to one another if the parts are not attached to one another

[14:19]if the parts do not come together then that full being will

[14:27]not exist so the existence of the full being depends on its

[14:32]on the attachment of its parts it depends on its parts in

[14:39]other words and we know that the necessary being that God Allah

[14:48]the god the real God in existence cannot be in need of

[15:02]anything a God is a being that is unneedy so if someone

[15:07]claims that a particular uh being you know if someone claims that

[15:12]uh God has parts and is made up of parts he's indirectly

[15:21]saying that this being is not God again because God cannot be

[15:29]in need of anything let me give you an example a short

[15:35]and clear example think of the the human body in order to

[15:50]have a full and complete human body you need to have what

[15:56]all of the parts of the body come together so if you

[16:01]have if you have a part especially in essential part missing then

[16:08]you will not have a full body that makes complete sense right

[16:14]so if you have a body with no heart or with no

[16:19]brain or with no legs you might be able to call it

[16:24]a body but it's not a full body so to have a

[16:29]full body you need what all the parts did you realize what

[16:32]we said you need all the parts so the full body is

[16:37]in need of what all of its parts coming together being attached

[16:42]to one another so if someone claimed that Allah is composed of

[16:51]parts for example he is uh you know he's composed of let's

[16:56]say three or four parts one part is called Mercy one part

[16:59]is called knowledge one part is called Power one part is called

[17:07]life so all these different parts they come together and they make

[17:10]up God he's making Allah needy if Allah misses a specific component

[17:21]a specific party will not be Allah anymore knowing that God cannot

[17:28]be needy we know that he cannot be composed of parts hence

[17:38]when we say Allah Allah has you know different attributes he's powerful

[17:47]knowledgeable and alive we say that these traits are his own self

[17:56]they're not different than Allah's Essence they're not additions to his essence

[18:01]his Essence is his existence his existence is his knowledge his knowledge

[18:09]is his existence his knowledge is his power his power is his

[18:13]life his life is his power so on so forth all right

[18:29]that's one proof do we have another proof confirming confirming that Allah

[18:36]is Ahad yes another proof is not if Allah was divisible if

[18:43]you could actually divide him which would mean that he's composed of

[18:47]parts then that would mean Allah is he's not kadim okay so

[18:57]what does that mean in the science of in the science of

[19:04]beliefs which you can also call the signs of Kalam and milk

[19:07]that means something with a beginning a being that has a beginning

[19:15]so it did not always exist in existence preceded that being we're

[19:27]calling whereas kadim which literally means old in the science of beliefs

[19:37]the science of Kalam it means a being with no beginning a

[19:43]being that is not preceded by in existence So when you say

[19:50]kadim you're talking about a being that always existed God cannot be

[19:59]preceded by in existence a god who's preceded by in existence is

[20:06]not a god 's existence is eternal it precedes the existence of

[20:15]all other beings he has no creator he has no beginning foreign

[20:36]all praise belongs to Allah who has no beginning was asked when

[20:42]was Allah as in when did he come into existence and the

[20:47]Imam said tell me when was he not and I will tell

[20:50]you when he was as in tell me when he did not

[20:54]exist and then I'll tell you when he came into existence meaning

[20:58]Allah always existed so the question when did Allah come into existence

[21:02]is wrong it's beyond rule all right so if we say that

[21:16]Allah that Allah is composed of parts then we're basically saying Allah

[21:22]is not Kadeem why because before those parts come together and make

[21:32]up a law uh he does not exist so only when the

[21:41]parts come together and make up Allah right only when that happens

[21:47]will he come into existence so he's no longer what no longer

[21:52]cutting if he's no longer Kadeem then he's not God there's a

[21:59]clear contradiction here so these are two simple yet strong proofs logical

[22:11]proofs confirming that the necessary being has to be ahead in what

[22:16]sense in the sense that he's simple indivisible not composed of hearts

[22:32]as for when we say Allah is one meaning he has no

[22:44]matches no likes nothing in existence resembles God subhana this type of

[22:54]tawheed also has several logical proofs confirming it let me give you

[23:01]one one proof for tonight I think I've given this proof before

[23:06]but we'll give it again I like to call the Perfection proof

[23:13]or the proof of perfection anyways there is no doubt that God

[23:24]has to be perfect in imperfect God in incomplete God is not

[23:33]God anyone who you know understands uh in a basic way anyone

[23:40]who has a basic understanding of the concept of God knows what

[23:48]must be perfect anyone who has a basic understanding of the necessary

[23:56]being understands that necessary being must be perfect he cannot be imperfect

[24:07]and if you'd like later on um we can elaborate more on

[24:17]this point we can elaborate more on this point so the first

[24:22]point is what is that God is perfect it has to be

[24:27]perfect if he's imperfect he's not God all right so if we

[24:31]suppose that there are two gods in existence or three gods or

[24:38]multiple gods then then what's gonna happen all of these Gods will

[24:45]be imperfect hence they will not be gods how what led you

[24:51]to that conclusion let's explain how so right now I just gave

[24:56]you the summary of the proof now we'll give you the details

[24:59]well give the details by presenting multiple points so Point number one

[25:06]is what point number one is God has to be perfect all

[25:12]right Point number two is if there are two gods or more

[25:16]in existence so if we have multiple gods in existence then each

[25:20]one of them has to be perfect right because they're all gods

[25:25]and we said God has to be what perfect thirdly number three

[25:30]if we have multiple gods then obviously there has to be something

[25:37]different about them they cannot be um you know they cannot be

[25:44]exactly the same from all perspectives because if they're exactly the same

[25:53]from all perspectives then um they're not multiple gods rather they're all

[25:59]one God in other words you won't have multiple gods anymore you

[26:04]will only have one God how so well think of the following

[26:08]if you have two people who are identical in their traits two

[26:16]people but they're identical in their traits they're at the same level

[26:20]of smartness same level of Courage same level of generosity both of

[26:23]them have you know they have uh plenty of good traits plenty

[26:33]of beautiful qualities and you can't find any negative trait in these

[26:37]two individuals so they're courageous generous intelligent powerful kind you name it

[26:46]and when you look at their traits they're they're both at the

[26:51]same level same level of smartness Courage generosity Etc but there's still

[26:56]two people what makes them two well they have two bodies and

[27:02]they have two Souls each one has his own soul each one

[27:06]has his own body hence they're what they're too so that's what

[27:13]makes them different but if we supposed that these two individuals were

[27:18]talking about had the same body and the same soul and the

[27:23]same traits than are they too or are they one they're no

[27:31]longer two they won so if we suppose that there are multiple

[27:42]gods in existence then there has to be some sort of difference

[27:46]between what one God and the other if they're all the same

[27:53]from all perspectives then you no longer have multiple gods you only

[27:59]have one God all right so if that makes sense we'll repeat

[28:06]the three points we mentioned so we can get to the fourth

[28:08]point we said the first point is God has to be perfect

[28:13]the second point is [Music] if you have multiple gods then each

[28:20]one of them has to be perfect number three if you have

[28:25]multiple gods then obviously each God it must be somewhat different than

[28:31]the other one they should have a particular difference even if it's

[28:37]one difference a particular difference which makes them you know which makes

[28:44]them separate which separates them and makes them two gods or three

[28:50]gods or four Gods Etc which makes them different gods and so

[28:56]the fourth point will be what if we've understood the three points

[29:01]the fourth point will be each of these Gods must have some

[29:07]sort of perfection that the other God does not have because we

[29:11]said they're different right so if each one has a Perfection that

[29:16]the other one does not have then they're all imperfect they're all

[29:25]incomplete and that means none of them are God that is the

[29:36]Perfection proof or called the proof of perfection which confirms that there

[29:41]can only be one God in existence it's impossible to have multiple

[29:47]gods that exists impossible all right so Allah says we've mentioned in

[30:16]his book as for the author of what did he say let

[30:30]us see what Sheikh Nasir mentioned but here I'll send you his

[30:39]um his word on the chat section and we'll explain it inshallah

[30:50]of course had mentioned several points but one of the other points

[30:55]was the following he said the word so he said that the

[31:07]word Ahad comes from the word foreign it says for that reason

[31:19]some Scholars said that the word I had and the word they

[31:23]have the same meaning the word ahat and the word head have

[31:30]the same meaning bear in mind some Scholars disagree they say no

[31:35]there's a difference between Ahad and between nonetheless let's continue with what

[31:44]Sheikh Nasir makarim uh mentioned so he said some Scholars said that

[31:54]the word ahat and the word mean the same they had the

[32:01]same meaning both by the way are translated in English to the

[32:06]word one all right so what does Ahad mean in the verse

[32:09]red foreign [Music] he said I had means he is the one

[32:30]he is the one who has no likes and no matches in

[32:39]knowledge or power or any other trait that he holds so he

[32:47]has no matches and no likes in knowledge power life existence generosity

[32:56]Mercy Etc he is completely fully absolutely unique from all perspectives that

[33:10]is the meaning of ahat yes Allah foreign gives us a better

[33:34]understanding of who he is through his ultimate proofs his ultimate signs

[33:40]Muhammad Ali Fatima al-hasan and the nine descendants of Imam Hassan through

[33:52]their traits Allah explains to us who he is through their Mercy

[34:00]their generosity their knowledge their kindness their power Allah gives us a

[34:07]better understanding of what of his own traits and who he truly

[34:12]is we're not saying all about our God we're saying they're the

[34:15]signs of God they are the signs of Allah in fact they

[34:20]are his greatest signs but even then there what inferior to Allah

[34:28]even then they remain limited but Allah is unlimited he's infinite everything

[34:33]they have is from Allah had it not been for him they

[34:38]would not have their qualities is fully independent does not need anyone

[34:47]uh to acquire his traits he always had his traits and will

[34:53]always have them subhanahu so this is what Sheikh Master Academy shirazi

[35:02]mentioned all right do we have any questions until now no questions

[35:24]fine let me see if we have enough time to mention one

[35:31]more let me mention what Sayed Muhammad Hussein mentioned in I'm paraphrasing

[35:49]his words of course but this is the meaning of what he

[35:53]mentioned he said I had is the one who has no matches

[35:55]and no likes in the outer world and cannot have any likes

[36:00]even in the world of imagination or the world of the intellect

[36:04]but he also said that the word Ahad is different than the

[36:12]word Wahid there's a difference between them so he's from the scholars

[36:17]who say that there is a difference between Ahad and between and

[36:22]he gave the following example he said if someone told you that

[36:30]if someone said foreign someone said that you know um measure any

[36:44]measure anyone what does that mean if you think about it it

[36:53]means that um not one person came to me that's the literal

[37:00]meaning of what does that imply it implies that maybe two people

[37:04]came to him or three people or four people right he's saying

[37:11]that not one person arrived not one person came to me and

[37:15]so possibly two people came or more but if someone told you

[37:21]um what does that mean it means no one came to me

[37:28]absolutely no one arrived no one came not one not two not

[37:34]three Etc so he believes that there's a difference between the word

[37:40]Ahad and the word and that Allah chose the word I had

[37:47]in the first verse of when he said to what to emphasize

[37:55]on his full and complete uniqueness of Allah is fully unique he

[37:59]absolutely has no matches and no likes in existence in fact as

[38:07]you heard uh he mentions that Allah cannot have any likes even

[38:14]in the world of imagination or the world of the intellect so

[38:21]if you understand you know you have a basic understanding of who

[38:28]Allah is then you'll understand that he can only be one he

[38:33]cannot have any any matches or likes we'll stop here for today

[38:39]and inshallah next week will continue I thought we'll have enough time

[38:44]to mention the rewire the narration of Imam next week hopefully we'll

[38:52]get into that alhamdulillah

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Lessons on the holy Koran- Exegesis of Suratul Ikhlas- Part 5- Hamam Nassereddine

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Lessons on the holy Koran- Exegesis of Suratul Ikhlas- Part 5- Hamam Nassereddine

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