4- Arabic Grammar - Subject and Direct Object - Sayed Mohammad Baqer Qazwini

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Transcript

[0:04]audhu billahi min as-shaytan ar-rajim bismillah r-rahman r-rahim al-hamdu lillahi rabbil aalameen

[0:14]sal allahu allah sayidina muhammadin wa ala nabina by hearing lama salli

[0:21]ala muhammad wa ala muhammad and the previous courses we discussed the

[0:28]three types of verbs that we have in the arabic language we

[0:36]have the past tense verb which we call alpha el al mahdi

[0:40]we have the present tense verb which we call al Madara and

[0:47]we have the command verb or the imperative which we call feral

[0:52]um just to recap and feral al-mahdi in its simplest form will

[1:00]carry the Fattah and it will usually be in this form vahana

[1:06]now this middle letter here could be different could be Father like

[1:14]sherry be' it could be fowler like bowser for now let's just

[1:21]stick to this basic form so this is the past tense and

[1:25]this is the simplest form then we also have the present tense

[1:36]and Farrell Madonna which comes in this form yeah ah do that's

[1:43]the most common one so you see that this one has a

[1:49]fat hi this one has a bummer there are some variations in

[2:04]different forms but this would be the most common simple form and

[2:08]then number three you have a little um which is if an

[2:18]ageless shrub it is mezu Joseph so you will find that the

[2:21]ending is a sukoon and this is what we call an imperative

[2:30]so these are the three basic forms of a verb in the

[2:33]Arabic language it's very simple it has some variations but for now

[2:40]at the basic level we have these three common forms fala yeah

[2:45]FAL and the helices vamos or Y value or F an a

[2:54]shrub for example odorous we see that the end is much zoom

[3:02]and mezu means that it's a consonant it's a sukoon so these

[3:06]are the three basic types in the future we will examine them

[3:11]at a deeper level examine some circumstances some more rules about this

[3:17]but for now this is all what we need to know any

[3:21]questions about these before we move to the file to the subject

[3:24]do you have any questions about these verbs yes okay so in

[3:36]that case if you're giving a command to more than one person

[3:43]you're using the plural form it would still be much soom but

[3:47]the sign of jism will be different we will use the plural

[3:55]pronoun and that plural pronoun when it comes in the form of

[3:57]a fairly a more it becomes module we'll talk about that later

[4:04]once we examine the singular the dual and the gem the plural

[4:08]we'll examine that later so if you were to say for example

[4:15]a schlub if you want to make this gem you would add

[4:18]the WoW and the noon now initially it's a schwa boon because

[4:25]the plural is wow and the noon but because of the J's

[4:27]in the noon falls it becomes a shabu just the Wow we'll

[4:31]discuss that later for now let's stick to the singular to understand

[4:37]the basic idea then later when we examine the singular the dual

[4:41]and the plural we'll see how all this will be affected by

[4:44]that for now we're just keeping it at a basic level for

[4:49]this singular any other questions about these verbs that we have so

[4:55]these are the three verbs that we have in Arabic let's now

[5:06]turn to page 21 and start by examining the file the file

[5:10]is the subject when you have a subject in any sentence that

[5:21]is called the file now the file in Arabic is Mar for

[5:25]what doesn't matter for me more for means that the ending will

[5:34]be a bummer so whenever we have a file which is the

[5:42]subject of a verb it is more fool which means you have

[5:54]that llama so the ending of a file will be a bummer

[5:59]generally speaking now we call this the nominative case if you want

[6:10]to translate more for for the file in English you will call

[6:14]this a nominative case which means that you have a subject here

[6:23]a noun that is more for so the linguistic translation of Myr

[6:26]for the nominative case so a far and always has the nominative

[6:30]case which means it's more for and the sign of that love

[6:36]is the llama if it's singular of course if you have plural

[6:40]then it takes on it takes different signs but in Arabic they

[6:45]say it's mother for a while a matter of a year bummer

[6:47]the sign that indicates this is myrfor is the llama so it's

[6:54]a nominative case because you have different types of cases when you

[7:01]have a preposition like fee in fee is in in English right

[7:08]what's the halacha that comes after it the module it's the Kessler

[7:11]right what do we call this in English in English if you

[7:13]want say module this would be for example the genitive case we'll

[7:20]talk about that later the genitive means the module the man saw

[7:25]is the accusative case we'll look at that for now the amar

[7:31]for is just the nominative case let's write that so we can

[7:36]remember so the Ammar for the fire and is always more for

[7:53]it has that nominative case and it's usually the subject of a

[7:58]verb let's look at some of these examples example number one farah

[8:04]naaz fool where's the verb here the verb the action that happened

[8:10]para what does it mean it means to fly now is this

[8:17]Mavi Marmara or AA more mathy how did you find out it's

[8:21]mathy exactly there are no signs of nevada which were the letters

[8:29]of nevada that we talked about the four letters and if ya

[8:34]ha neun you don't see them there right so that means this

[8:41]is an indication that this is a past tense verb now if

[8:45]you put the hot I care in my addition there's no how

[8:50]I care but it's alright there's a fat hat on the are

[8:53]when you see that fat hi that's also an indication this is

[8:58]which type of verb at some past tense verb it's a ferrule

[9:02]mathy because the ferrule Molly carries the fatah whereas the ferrule melara

[9:07]carries which have occur the vomer and the fairly armored the imperative

[9:13]carries which are occur the sukoon it's module so para nós furrow

[9:20]you see a nose for ooh there's a bomb at the end

[9:23]why because it's the file it is the subject of that verb

[9:30]para to fly is a verb this verb has a subject what

[9:35]is the subject here the bird and as for ou means the

[9:37]bird so the bird flu now in English you usually get this

[9:45]subject we're first in the beginning of the sentence then you get

[9:49]the verb the bird flu and Arabic it's the opposite you get

[9:54]the verb first and then you get the subject parle oz food

[9:58]Oh so if you want to literally translate that it would be

[10:04]flew the bird right sounds odd but that's how these languages work

[10:09]let's look at the third example Larry Bell what I do what

[10:15]does live I mean plane what type of verb is this Marlee

[10:22]how do we know what is there is there a sign how

[10:24]do we know this is a felon Molly the fat ha and

[10:30]it doesn't have the signs of fanon amor or Pharrell Madonna lab

[10:34]amines played and what I do is the subject here the boy

[10:41]played and we see that the ending is a llama en el

[10:48]burro to number five yells ow is that a verb is that

[10:52]a noun is that a proposition let's say verb what type of

[10:56]verb Nevada how do we know what's one a llama one sign

[11:01]you have the right when you see a verb starting with yeah

[11:08]that is an indication this could be muara right so you see

[11:14]one of the signs of Nevada and you have that llama at

[11:16]the end because and final milada is more for it carries a

[11:21]vomit at the end that's an indication this is a present tense

[11:25]verb so yes what does yellow mean in Arabic to sting and

[11:31]Borrowed what's the borrowed Allah mentions in the Quran the mosquito so

[11:37]the mosquito stings alvaro here is the subject of the verb to

[11:43]stink right so that's why it is myrfor and at the end

[11:49]it carries the bombuh let's look at the last example number six

[11:53]Kunlun bin to tell you is which type of verb at samovar

[12:00]a present tense verb how do we know what was the sign

[12:06]top one of them is that hesita it one of those four

[12:10]letters and number two is what nobama when you seen the bum

[12:15]on a verb know that this is a present tense verb whenever

[12:17]you see a llama on a verb automatically know this is muara

[12:25]this is a present tense verb so it's very clear all we

[12:28]need to memorize at this point that Alma vara has the llama

[12:34]it's more for the Molly the past tense verb has the feta

[12:38]and the fennel amor has the sukoon because it is met soon

[12:45]so these are easy ways for us to distinguish between these types

[12:50]of verbs so if you go down to the box al-qaeda the

[12:57]general rule it says and find what is the subject in Arabic

[13:00]l5 it's one number one it's a noun the subject can never

[13:06]be a verb right it has to be a noun number one

[13:08]mother for on it is always in the nominative case it is

[13:17]mother for that damn aloof Ellen took that Demma who means it

[13:23]is preceded by a verb so in the Arabic language you always

[13:30]have this subject first and then what the verb unlike English I'm

[13:34]sorry what did I say no in Arabic you always have the

[13:40]verb coming first and then the subject in English you have it

[13:44]the opposite always the subjects coming first and then the verb so

[13:48]that Demma who Fairlawn it is preceded by a verb the verb

[13:57]comes and then the file what a levy final fill the fire

[14:01]and the subject is that which did the action which did the

[14:09]verb so that's the fire in arabic there are many other rules

[14:12]we'll discuss them in the future for now we just want to

[14:17]be familiar with the file so it's the noun that is doing

[14:18]that action doing the verb at after the verb and it's myrfor

[14:26]and the sign of refer is usually the llama so this is

[14:30]the fire let's now flip the page to page 24 and go

[14:34]to the MFO will be if you don't have the book you

[14:40]can just follow with me we'll have the books by tomorrow inshallah

[14:43]the muff old be he in arabic we call it the direct

[14:52]object it is the object of the verb whenever you have a

[14:55]verb and you have a subject usually that verb will take an

[15:07]object we call this a muffin b which is the direct object

[15:16]of the verb now this muffle will be he in Arabic it

[15:21]is monsoon monsoon if you want to translate it into English linguistically

[15:28]grammatically it's called the accusative case the farm what case was it

[15:36]nominative case v ma food B he is the accusative case and

[15:47]what is the sign of the man soup the sign is a

[15:57]Fatah sign he calls Fatah usually that's the sign so when it

[16:02]came to the file it was in the nominative case it was

[16:08]myrfor and the sign of the Roth was dama whereas when it

[16:12]comes to the object of the verb them of lb he it

[16:17]is in the accusative case meaning it's month soup and what is

[16:23]the sign of this accusative case what is the sign of the

[16:27]nos it's the Fatah so this is the muffle be let's read

[16:33]some of these examples so this becomes clear to us number one

[16:38]shed that tell me the habala shed is what what type of

[16:49]verb it's a past tense verb how did we know Angela Fattah

[16:54]you see it ending with a Fattah automatically no it's one it's

[17:00]a past tense purpose at tell me though what does the tell

[17:04]me mean the student the student here is what it's the subject

[17:08]it's the file what is the sign of it at the ending

[17:13]it's not on much so it's more for so the past tense

[17:20]verb is shed at tell me who is the subject here which

[17:28]is the student now what does shed them in to tie or

[17:32]fasten okay so that tell me if the student fastened what did

[17:41]he fastened what did he tie the rope and habala the rope

[17:44]here is the object of the verb you have the verb that

[17:50]action that took place you have the subject the one doing that

[17:53]verb which is the student and then you have the direct object

[17:58]so what did he fasten that fastening that tying occurred on what

[18:03]we call that them of old be the object of the verb

[18:08]now the object of the verb because it's in the accusative case

[18:11]and it it is monsoon it will carry a feta that's why

[18:17]if you look at the book and I Blair what does it

[18:23]end with it ends with a feta so when you see that

[18:25]it's ending with a feta that say scientists could be am of

[18:31]old being so the sign of aim of all be is usually

[18:39]a fatah is that clear let's take a look at some more

[18:44]examples number three I can a the bullsháá Ruffa akela eight what

[18:50]type of verb is this past tense how do we know look

[18:57]at the fat hat and you'll realize that it's a past tense

[18:59]verb and the wolf it is more for because it's the file

[19:09]it's the subject so the wolf ate ate one it needs an

[19:18]object the direct object is alpha rufa the Sheep so the wolf

[19:22]ate the Sheep the Sheep is muffled be he it's the direct

[19:28]object and what is the halacha of it that's the fat huh

[19:31]let's take another example here Yoruba Xhosa puja is at 10:00 yeah

[19:38]ba who is what type of word it's a verb what type

[19:45]of verb move on how do we know what's the sign that

[19:50]it's muara so we have the form at the end whenever you

[19:52]have a verb and you've got that llama at the end then

[19:56]you know this is a present tense verb as-salamu what does ascetic

[20:03]we mean the driver yeah Baha what doesn't mean to make a

[20:07]profit or to win it comes in several meanings one of them

[20:15]is to win one of them is to make a profit so

[20:19]yeah ba who is the farrell to win or to make a

[20:21]profit is this a Sabich or a saddle it's a sorrowful I

[20:26]read it a soluble as SAP equal means one see one letter

[20:33]will change the meaning the one who is either racing yeah the

[20:37]racer more accurately the racer so the one who is racing 1

[20:45]1 what is winning what jaw is eaten Jazza means a prize

[20:49]now you will see that Jessa is the direct object we call

[20:54]it the muffin will be so yeah but who is the film

[20:59]as Sabbath who is the far-end J is a tennis team of

[21:04]will be it's the direct object because what did he win he

[21:07]won the prize so that's the object of the verb to win

[21:13]we call this an English the direct object in Arabic we call

[21:18]it muffled B now what's the sign what's the ending here we

[21:21]have the Fatah now it's because it's we'll talk about this later

[21:25]because it's neculai it's an indefinite article it's a ten wean instead

[21:34]of saying JA is that Ted it's J is at ten we'll

[21:35]talk about that later but for now we just know now we

[21:41]just need to know that it's a Fatah let's take another example

[21:45]number six yeah beer or Lukas Abu llama yeah Bo is what

[21:55]type of word to sell so is it a present tense or

[22:01]past tense verb its present tense verb exactly and what is the

[22:06]Karaka at the end of the word yeah Bo it's not llama

[22:08]do you have the book okay so yeah Bao means to sell

[22:14]which is a present tense verb as you said now the alam

[22:19]and the sign of it you'll have a llama whenever you have

[22:21]that llama just know this is a present tense verb Sabu what

[22:27]does al Kassab mean the butcher so this is now the subject

[22:35]the subject of the verb yeah Bo to sell is the butcher

[22:38]now this is a mother for and what's the sign of Rafah

[22:43]at the end the llama okay the butcher sells what he's need

[22:50]to sell something and laugh man they meet the llama is the

[22:54]object its muffle be he what is the sign at the end

[22:58]you have the fatah because the muffler will be he carries a

[23:00]fatah so let's just write one of these examples for those who

[23:06]don't have a book just so we can see these three parts

[23:10]so yeah bo a noticeable a LACMA we see her that yeah

[23:34]bo is what it's the past tense verb the present tense verb

[23:44]and then we have Alta Sabu which is the subject and then

[23:51]a llama is the object so this is the file this is

[24:06]the file this is the muffle be accusative case basically means mun

[24:13]soup in arabic mum soup in arabic means it carries a Fatah

[24:18]that's pretty much what it means see when it comes to the

[24:28]muffled be he there is no past or present why because you're

[24:30]just dealing with a noun we're not dealing with a verb the

[24:36]object is always a noun it's not a verb when it comes

[24:40]to this one yeah we have the present we have the past

[24:43]we have the command when it comes to the verb part but

[24:48]when it comes to this the subject or the object there is

[24:50]no past or present so we just say that it is months

[24:56]OOP the accusative case and the Alana is the Fatah that's what

[24:58]it means and then the file because it has the vomer it's

[25:04]called Mar for and Arabic Mar for means nominative case that's what

[25:09]it means so nominative basically is always referring like to a subject

[25:17]that you have the accusative case it's also a noun right but

[25:25]it's the object of a verb it's not just any noun it's

[25:28]a noun that is being the object of something that's the literal

[25:34]literal meaning of an accusative you know case in Arabic we just

[25:44]call that Munsu okay so when it comes to the verb the

[25:48]present tense verb yeah Bo the present tense verb is motherfu and

[25:53]what does Munford mean when we say Mar for what does it

[25:59]mean it means assalamu and it's singular simple form as of them

[26:04]now in English what do you call them are full of a

[26:12]verb you call it indicative case because it's indicating an action right

[26:21]so the friar Elizabeth for you don't need to know this that's

[26:25]fine just know that it's smart for and what do we mean

[26:30]by more for that it ends with a llama in its simple

[26:35]form and then you have the fire and the fire is also

[26:37]more for because it has the vomer we just call that the

[26:44]nominative case nominative means there's no verb it's a noun and it's

[26:48]the subject and then we have a LACMA which is also a

[26:52]noun the word alarm is not a verb it's not a preposition

[26:56]right so now meat is a noun but this meat here as

[27:03]a noun where is it coming in a sentence it's coming as

[27:09]an object something happened to it right the meat something happened to

[27:14]it an action fell on it like selling it cutting it whatever

[27:18]it is that's what we mean by accusative case meaning it's a

[27:21]noun that an action happened on an Arabic we just call this

[27:28]month soup them a food bay is always much soup and what

[27:30]is the sign that it is accusative it's that Fattah voila Mattoon

[27:36]osman Fatah the sign that eras mon soup is the Fatah so

[27:43]for now we have the verb we have the subject which is

[27:46]bar for a has the verma we have the object of all

[27:51]be he which is man soup which has the Fatah so is

[27:58]it clear what this month Sumer for Madrid means don't be thrown

[28:03]off by the wording nominative case accusative case these are just literal

[28:08]translations just know that the muffled be is a noun that's the

[28:18]object of the verb and it has the Fattah when we say

[28:20]mom soup it means as the Fatah now if you want the

[28:25]literal translation of what one soup means it means the accusative case

[28:31]that's the literal translation of it so in the book for those

[28:38]who have the book if you look at on page 24 and

[28:42]God that the general rule that we're discussing here is that enough

[28:46]all be the object s moon so number one it's a noun

[28:54]now whenever it's a noun does does it have a past tense

[28:56]present tense or no it doesn't because it's just a word it's

[29:00]a noun so it doesn't have a past tense or present tense

[29:03]it's just a noun number team number two months old months old

[29:11]means it's in the accusative case what ilayhi feminine file the action

[29:18]of that subject fell on it it is the object of that

[29:25]verb if I were to ask you and Kasab the butcher is

[29:27]this a noun or a verb let's say now right at LACMA

[29:32]the me is this a noun or a verb okay what's the

[29:35]difference between these two nouns they're both nouns what's the difference how

[29:41]they're used so how are they used exactly one is doing the

[29:48]action which is which noun alta saab that is we call the

[29:51]find the subject and one the action is happening on it it's

[29:59]called muffle B this is what we mean by nominative case and

[30:04]this is the accusative case that's just what it means that one

[30:08]of them is doing the action the other is receiving the action

[30:13]so they're both nouns but there is a difference between these these

[30:18]new now these two nouns this now in this sentence is a

[30:22]subject it's a five and whenever a noun is a subject its

[30:27]mother for you have the lumba whereas the subject here the noun

[30:31]here it's an object we call it muffled B and it is

[30:34]one soup it has the Fatah so they're both nouns but they

[30:40]fell in in different parts of the sentence one of them became

[30:44]more for the llama the other became monsoon with the Fatah what

[30:47]is doing the action the others receiving the action it's the object

[31:04]of that action yes that is usually the case that the word

[31:11]coming after the verb is defined but sometimes in Arabic these could

[31:18]be switched around you could say yeah beer a llama alcazaba you

[31:23]could say that so you would have to see what is receiving

[31:30]the action here for you to really know if this is the

[31:33]file if this is you know the muffled b-but yes in a

[31:38]simple sentence the file comes first comes the file then the fire

[31:41]and vendôme of will be in a normal simple sentence that's the

[31:46]case but you will find especially in the quran sometimes all of

[31:50]this is rearranged and it's important to know which is which for

[31:54]you to understand the verse sometimes the file comes late sometimes the

[31:59]verb comes later sometimes they would be he comes first so this

[32:03]comes with practice but in a simple common sentence you're right you've

[32:09]got the verb then the subject let the object but this could

[32:15]be rearranged or sometimes in Arabic poetry you will find many of

[32:19]these being rearranged and until you dissect it and see which is

[32:22]which it becomes difficult to understand the meaning no the object is

[32:37]just telling you that verb in the sentence it happened on what

[32:52]yes the Kasab sold what that would be the object in this

[32:57]case yes but sometimes it could be a who let's say you

[33:04]would say you know Zaid hit um ok they'd hit who so

[33:06]generally speaking the mode B he is that's you know a noun

[33:13]that is receiving the action that verb is being played on that

[33:17]now some some action is done upon it yes that is them

[33:24]of old bean now the mode B what is the sign of

[33:28]them of old V it's a fad huh what do we call

[33:31]that when you have a sign that is mofat ah you call

[33:37]that monsoon any questions about them of old Behe so if you

[33:42]go to page 25 for those who have a book let's do

[33:51]some practices so it's saying yell salut as a verb what does

[33:55]yaksa you mean yes salut means wash now what kind of verb

[34:09]is this it's a present tense how did we know easy the

[34:13]VAM and also that yeah okay yes the book is asking us

[34:21]give a subject file and an object muffle be here for this

[34:25]so someone give us a subject for this we want to make

[34:32]a sentence give us a subject hider okay yes you know hide

[34:42]arm and then give us an object alchemist what does alchemist mean

[34:52]it means a shirt or the shirt now alchemy is over here

[34:59]what kind of a lama should I put fat Hawaii because it's

[35:07]the object so this is the verb this is the subject and

[35:12]this is the object now this there's a bumper here on this

[35:21]verb because it's a move on it's a present tense verb and

[35:23]the allama designed for a present tense verb is the llama hider

[35:31]rule over here let's leave AMA yell salut hider ooh alchemy so

[35:38]that's the subject this one is it's indicating that the subject the

[35:45]fire is more for because every file is more for it has

[35:54]a llama in its simple form just like Alka Sabu the butcher

[36:00]they had the one so that's why this is having a llama

[36:05]the fire which is the subject that's doing the verb is always

[36:08]more for no it does not have a fatah unless in some

[36:16]rare circumstances we may talk about later and its general simple former

[36:23]has development alchemy Allah is what alchemy Allah is the sure it's

[36:31]the object and it has the Fattah that means it's Matsu by

[36:39]carrying the Fatah amis it's muscle that's the object because hide are

[36:45]washed the shirt the washing this verb fell on what the shirt

[36:49]so that's why it's the object yes let's let's look at that

[37:07]verse what that teller Dawood ooh Janet katana is what kind of

[37:17]verb pastors how do we know Fattah Katella very easy that tells

[37:21]you it's a past tense word Dawood now diode and Janet you've

[37:29]got two words here now you don't exactly know who is the

[37:33]subject and who is the object who killed who because you could

[37:40]rearrange them right in Arabic when you look at the endings now

[37:43]you know who's the subject who's the object so the Quran says

[37:47]Whakatane da do da luta see both of them are names both

[37:53]of them are nouns Goliath and David they're both nouns but this

[37:58]one has a Vaman when it has a son but what is

[38:02]that indicating is the subject the file that's what we call the

[38:05]five yes we'll look at that Jota has which ending Fatah what

[38:14]is that indicating it's the object so this act of killing that's

[38:20]an action it's a verb the subject of it is doubt he

[38:23]killed who Giroud if I were to arrange it like this now

[38:28]the Quran is like this but if I were to arrange it

[38:33]like this what cut salad I would err djalu - what is

[38:34]this sentence mean so now JA lute is the one who killed

[38:42]doubt because now this is the object because it has the Fatah

[38:48]and Ja Lutz because it has the Lama you know this is

[38:50]the file this is the subject so you see how these little

[38:56]endings make a difference in the meaning let me give you an

[39:00]interesting example in the in the Quran and some people read this

[39:08]wrong there is a verse in the Quran that says it namah

[39:13]yesh Allah many body he and a llama this is an interesting

[39:31]verse and nama means what indeed verily yep sha means what fear

[39:39]there are many meanings - yeah let's just simplify it fear anima

[39:45]yahks Allah Allah here is he the subject but it's coming right

[39:57]after the verb some people I've listened to them when they read

[40:01]the Quran they say enemy allahu if I say Ya Allah who

[40:06]that means what God is the subject and he's the one who

[40:09]fears fears what what does God fear if you say it that

[40:14]way that's kind of blasphemy right because you're saying God fears now

[40:20]in the my action the Quran says in the ayah Allah had

[40:26]the Quran has effect huh now when it has that fat hard

[40:29]Allah what is that communicating to you that this is the object

[40:33]so indeed something fears Allah God is being feared over here he's

[40:42]the object of the verb fear he's not subject now where is

[40:48]the subject then and a llama ooh you see the subject where

[40:54]it came it came many many words later so indeed the Oh

[41:02]Lama Yeshe Allah they fear God you see the Quran how sometimes

[41:06]this is rearranged when you look at these endings it helps you

[41:09]figure out the meaning of the verse so when I'm looking at

[41:14]this verse initially it's kind of confusing so Yaksha I know that's

[41:17]a verb it's a friend move ara because it has that Yasha

[41:23]that yeah in the beginning Allah I see okay whenever I see

[41:27]the Fattah automatically no that's not the five that's not the subject

[41:32]so I'm not I can't say God is the one who's fearing

[41:33]something else is fearing and then I look at many a body

[41:40]he from his servants this is just an interjection here that explains

[41:44]who and ulema ooh that is the subject anima oh and what's

[41:51]this sign that it is the subject the bummer you seem Obama

[41:56]and the Quran him you find the llama when you see that

[42:01]llama that's an indication okay now we found the subject so the

[42:04]ulama from the servants of God fear Allah that's the meaning of

[42:11]the verse this manere body heat so this doesn't throw you off

[42:17]just put it in brackets every subject in a simple singular form

[42:25]has of them a yes so in our example al-qaeda rule Alka

[42:34]Sabu yes the fire has a number now once you make it

[42:38]plural it changes instead of the Lama you have the Wow and

[42:43]the noon but we're not talking about that for now we're talking

[42:45]about the simple singular form this simple singular form it's more full

[42:50]and the sign of that refers November and over here we do

[42:57]see the llama let me share with you another example it's interesting

[43:12]some people also read it wrong and it changes the meaning yes

[43:25]yeah what yes feared so the action of fearing so the action

[43:45]of fearing is happening on what on Allah because we're fearing God

[43:48]so lean good of course Allah is higher than having any action

[43:52]fall on him but linguistically grammatically he's the object he's the one

[43:59]being feared so my act of fearing what is my object what

[44:05]am i fearing Allah so he's the object of my verb to

[44:08]fear so my fear is falling on him let's say Allah when

[44:14]he's the object of my fear not the subject he's one swoop

[44:19]and that's why you have the Fattah because the subject the one

[44:22]who is fearing which is the ulama that's the subject and that's

[44:29]more fool because the object is always one monsoon I ate the

[44:34]apple the Apple is an object here right it's one soup and

[44:39]what is the sign of the month soup Fatah so over here

[44:43]Allah is not the subject he's not fearing God doesn't fear anything

[44:47]he's the object he's being feared how did I figure that out

[44:54]from this Fatah here when there's a fat high here it's telling

[44:57]me God is not the subject he's not the one fearing he's

[45:02]being feared so who's the one fearing the ulama because as the

[45:06]Lama is that clear any questions about this verse because this is

[45:17]more eloquent and more powerful inshallah you know maybe in the future

[45:22]in our seminary courses we can have a class on balada on

[45:27]arabic eloquence in order to see how the quran rearranges these words

[45:36]to give the most powerful meaning because there is a reason why

[45:40]the quran did this and belaga in arabic literature or eloquence sometimes

[45:45]rearranging the words stresses a point more brings your attention to a

[45:51]point sometimes it's just more powerful and eloquent sometimes yes the tokete

[46:02]sometimes to confirm something to stress something you would rearrange it yes

[46:07]that's one instance let's take a look at another verse in the

[46:14]quran yad patella Ibrahim and then this word I'm not going to

[46:27]read it so we don't know the ending now yet what it

[46:32]we'll discuss that later let's just start with the verb a patella

[46:37]a patella what does a patella I mean yeah Batali a patella

[46:46]he tried to try to test to try or to test so

[46:54]this means tested or tried now here the past tense verb we

[47:07]set the ending is what a Fatah here because we have the

[47:10]last letter is a vowel which is the Elif we call it

[47:17]this Elif maxilla right you can't see the Fattah we'll talk about

[47:20]that later don't worry about it for now because this is a

[47:25]vowel so this is a past tense verb now you have Ibrahim

[47:28]and his Lord his Lord and you have here ibrahim alayhis salaam

[47:42]who's the subject here who tested who some people read it well

[47:46]depth Allah Ibrahim araba when but I him tried God and he

[47:48]tested God see usually the subject comes right after the verb but

[47:56]not here what does the Quran say where the patella Ibrahim man

[48:01]Rob ooh-hoo whenever you see a bra he met that fat hat

[48:09]you know automatically what is this the subject as subject can't have

[48:12]a fat huh it's motherfu it's not much soup the subject the

[48:18]file is more for so that's telling you bro-heem over here is

[48:22]not the subject so who's the subject Rob ooh who you see

[48:25]the van man the Quran this Lama here indicates that this is

[48:32]the file and this is indicating this is them of hoon or

[48:35]the object so when remember when the lord of ibrahim abu tested

[48:45]him so the one who's doing the testing is god who's the

[48:49]object of that testing who's he testing ibrahim so brahim has the

[48:56]Fatah and abu who has the woman if you were to change

[49:00]it and you would treat it well the patella Ibrahim ooh I'm

[49:04]a boo hoo it would mean what they Brahim tested his Rami

[49:10]okay you wanna make it simpler yeah we can switch it to

[49:18]make this simpler we could say a patella Allahu Ebrahim a very

[49:24]simple God tested a Brian or a lob epsilon-r Abu Ibrahim you

[49:39]see how this makes a difference and many people miss read this

[49:43]I've heard so many people read this verse where depth alai Brahim

[49:46]Aruba the minute you say that that means brahim is testing god

[49:52]no most people don't know these very different you know these very

[49:58]detailed aspects of Arabic grammar but in the Quran Subhan Allah there's

[50:04]so much detail one single little ending that you can barely see

[50:09]whether your eye changes the whole meaning of the sentence so it's

[50:14]very important to know this and shallow with practice this will become

[50:20]familiar to us for now just know that the file the subject

[50:28]is more for has the llama the feral we've already talked about

[50:34]the past tense present tense and the mo and then we have

[50:38]the direct object whenever you have an action a verb it's happening

[50:43]on something that's something we call them of old be and it

[50:47]is Mun soup which has the Fattah any questions about that any

[51:04]questions about this will be he the direct object did you have

[51:13]a question the first what if what if is just an Arabic

[51:17]I didn't explain it I said will keep it for later not

[51:22]to confuse you well if it just means and remember when it's

[51:25]just short for this and remember when Allah subhana WA Ta'ala tested

[51:30]Ibraheem so it's well which means and if just as telling us

[51:37]remember one what if the patella Ibrahim ax or a boom what

[51:41]if good night little malacca you find that a lot in the

[51:48]quran which it means remember when it doesn't mean if that's either

[51:53]either if you do this if over here to simplify it simply

[52:06]means remember one so what if patella ibrahim abu and the other

[52:11]example in the maya shala had many body onimaru so now when

[52:16]you look at a sentence like that can you figure out like

[52:19]the verb the far and the subject and them off will be

[52:25]he with practice this becomes more and more familiar any questions about

[52:30]today's lesson yes i can give you the verse so for the

[52:37]first one which application do I use I'll give you the application

[52:52]yes so this one to give you the verse is Surat father

[53:02]verse 28 father 28 and then that one is surah al-baqarah verse

[53:19]124 way the patella ibrahim abu bakr lomatin al baqara 124 so

[53:27]there is many verses in the quran like that maybe we could

[53:33]share some in the group just so you can see them I

[53:35]can give them to you and as a practice try to work

[53:40]on them so usually the verb comes in Arabic then the subject

[53:46]then the object usually but sometimes you could have the object coming

[53:52]first and then the subject and usually why do you do that

[53:59]there's many reasons one of them is to stress to confirm something

[54:03]or to bring attention to something for example I could say I

[54:07]Keller alien at too far I li ate the apple I'm not

[54:14]stressing anything am i no I'll eat the apple but what if

[54:21]I say I cannot - Farah alien I bring the Apple first

[54:24]then I say who ate it and there's a reason why I'm

[54:29]doing that maybe I want to bring your attention to the Apple

[54:32]there's something about the Apple right so there is a reason why

[54:39]you would rearrange this could be you know to stress something to

[54:43]confirm something there's a reason you don't just randomly rearrange things over

[54:48]here maybe Allah subhana WA Ta'ala we have to look at the

[54:50]top seal but one reason could be Allah is reminding us that

[54:55]whenever you fear you fear Allah only so there's disconfirmation this emphasis

[55:01]on fearing allah and then who's doing the fearing the anima over

[55:11]here where the patella ibrahim abu goddess may be putting an emphasis

[55:16]on Ibrahim and his difficult tests so there's a reason why you

[55:19]would rearrange that when you read Arabic eloquence there are tens of

[55:24]reasons why you would rearrange that this is one of them -

[55:55]yes so there are many possibilities here why the Quran has rearranged

[56:15]them there's either an emphasis an indication to bring your attention to

[56:21]something but once you examine these verses and the endings it becomes

[56:25]clear to you which is the file the subject which is the

[56:31]muffle be he now the file just to summarize as myrfor which

[56:35]means it has no Varma vemma for all be he the object

[56:41]is month soup which means what it has the Fatah in a

[56:46]normal case Osen allahu allah sayidina muhammadin wali upon hearing loss on

[56:51]yada

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