2-Tafsir Surat An-Naba’- (verses 17-30) - Sayed Saleh Qazwini

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[0:40]respected brothers and sisters which is the first surah of the 30th

[0:58]section of the quran the 30th juzu the first surah is alone

[1:07]and in the previous week in the previous session we began by

[1:15]discussing the first 16 verses of this surah today in sha allah

[1:21]we will be continuing from 17 and onwards now the beginning of

[1:27]the surah it began by talking about some big deal there's something

[1:35]that people are in dispute about something that's such a great news

[1:42]that news which they are in dispute about meaning that some people

[1:48]accept and some people do not accept so we explained that there

[1:56]are several meanings as to what this the greatest possible meaning and

[2:00]tafsir that is commonly understood is that it is the day of

[2:03]judgment because the following verses continue by talking about the day of

[2:08]judgment and proving the day of judgment telling them that just as

[2:23]allah is telling them that just as we created the heavens and

[2:27]the earth and the sky and everything that you see in front

[2:33]of you allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is able to create the afterlife

[2:38]allah is able to bring all of that into existence once again

[2:43]so here now we see that the verses continue to talk about

[2:50]the day of judgment first it said this is a great news

[2:55]something that people are in dispute about then it's then it began

[2:58]to prove it by saying we created the mountains and the heavens

[3:01]and the earth and we created you in pairs that means that

[3:06]allah is capable and allah is powerful now talking about the day

[3:10]of judgment is discussing what is this day this day of judgment

[3:34]what is it now you see throughout the whole quran allah describes

[3:37]the day of judgement here allah gives it the name inayo malfus

[3:41]now there are many names of the day of judgment yo mulhasra

[3:48]one of the names of it is each name each description describes

[3:55]some of the elements some of the features and characteristics of the

[3:59]day of judgment because the day of judgment is a very long

[4:05]day and it's a day where people will be judged so it's

[4:07]a day of regret it's a day of resurrection it's a day

[4:10]of um the day that people will be distinguished the right from

[4:17]the wrong one of the meanings is what does yom al-fasal mean

[4:21]means separation when you say you separate two things from one another

[4:28]or you separate people that's called fossil so allah subhanahu ta'ala describes

[4:33]it as what what is what's going to happen on the day

[4:41]of judgment that allah describes the day of judgment as the day

[4:45]of fossil the day of separation one scholars say that it's the

[4:49]separation of right from wrong the people of the right or the

[4:56]hat is going to be separated from the battle today in this

[4:58]life you don't know a lot of people they're confused they don't

[5:01]know the hat is here or there they don't know where it

[5:04]is on that day it's going to be very clear the right

[5:06]is going to be on one side and the wrong is going

[5:11]to be on another side and similarly the believers the people who

[5:15]are the people of justice and the people of the right they

[5:18]are going to be on one side and the people of falsehood

[5:22]are going to be on another side another definition that some scholars

[5:28]they say it is the day where everyone will be separated from

[5:32]one another regardless whether you're right or wrong you're going to be

[5:37]separated for example the mother is going to be separated from even

[5:40]the baby that she's suckling the brothers are going to be separated

[5:43]from one another the parents and the children the wife and the

[5:47]husband they're going to be separated because everyone is worried and thinking

[5:52]about themselves allah describes it in the quran in another verse the

[6:16]day that each person is going to be separated from their brother

[6:20]they don't even want to have anything to do with their brother

[6:22]no ties no family ties nothing will be able to help you

[6:32]everyone's worried about themselves everyone's worried about what is going to happen

[6:38]to them how they're going to be judged and this is why

[6:43]it is called another is because the moment we die we are

[6:49]separated from our belongings we are separated from the jewelry from the

[6:52]car from the house from everything that you own every single dollar

[6:56]that you own no one is going to be able to take

[6:59]anything with them the path to the afterlife the moment we die

[7:04]that's it there's no luggage allowed there's no carry-ons allowed nothing is

[7:08]you're not allowed to take anything with you no personal item that's

[7:12]it you just go on your own not even the clothes that

[7:16]you're wearing and allah subhanahu ta'ala describes that in the quran foreign

[7:30]says you will come to us one by one just as we

[7:33]created you one by one just as i ca you we come

[7:38]into this life naked not having anything you will leave this life

[7:42]not having anything and you will leave everything we gave you to

[7:53]borrow behind your backs meaning behind you meaning you will not be

[7:57]able to take anything with you now allah says what does mean

[8:07]means a place that you have an appointment a meeting place where

[8:10]you have a point you have an appointment at a distinct time

[8:14]a rendezvous a place where you choose that everyone will be meeting

[8:19]at this particular time allah is trying to say that the day

[8:23]of judgment is the day where everyone will be gathered it's the

[8:28]mikkat it's the place where everyone has to be gathered when you

[8:31]go to hajj when you go to hamra the place where you

[8:35]start the the place where you go and you do the knee

[8:39]of the haram for example if you go to madinah and then

[8:42]you want to go to mecca you have to where is the

[8:48]meeting place that's the place it's called the mecca because that's the

[8:52]rendezvous where all the hajjaj have to meet there they do the

[8:55]knee of the and then they go towards mecca so that's why

[8:59]it's called mikat so here allah subhanahu ta'ala is describing that the

[9:06]day of judgment is the mekad in naom al-fasrikami the day there

[9:16]will be the the day the horn is blown and you will

[9:21]come forth in multitudes describes that a loud sound will take place

[9:28]and that sound will wake everyone up from their graves everyone will

[9:33]wake up from their grave some people have been in their graves

[9:35]for millions billions who knows how long some people have been in

[9:40]their graves for very long times they will wake up and they

[9:45]will all go to allah subhanahu ta'ala everyone will be resurrected everyone

[9:50]will come back to life and they will go to allah subscribe

[10:01]this happens several times and there's an angel one of the archangels

[10:05]by the name of israel he is the one his task is

[10:09]to blow in the horn one time he does it everyone dies

[10:15]that's the beginning of the day of judgment or beginning of when

[10:18]everyone dies and then another time he does it when everyone comes

[10:21]back to life who knows how long is the distance between each

[10:24]one and once he does it people will go to allah in

[10:31]flocks in multitudes afuaja meaning that everyone not a single person will

[10:39]remain everyone will wake up from their grave those who have been

[10:42]dead for very long time and those who have just died they

[10:46]will all go to allah subhanahu wa ta'ala now here there some

[10:52]might say there are some discrepancies in the quran because in another

[10:58]verse in surat maryam allah everyone will stand behind their imam everyone

[11:31]will stand behind their leader so what is it are we going

[11:35]to go to to allah alone are we going to go in

[11:39]multitudes are we everyone stands behind their leader which one is it

[11:42]the answer is all three are correct the day of judgment is

[11:47]not just a you know a simple a simple act there are

[11:49]many phases so yes perhaps when the blow when the blow and

[11:56]the trumpet and the horn takes place everyone goes to a meeting

[12:00]place everyone goes to the place where everyone will be judged and

[12:05]then later on they come and they say okay now everyone go

[12:07]and stand behind your imam there are some imams imam means leader

[12:28]there are some imams that guide people or mislead people and bring

[12:32]them to the hell fire so not every imam is a good

[12:38]imam and allah allah points this out in the quran there are

[12:42]some imams who invite people for the sake of allah subhanahu ta'ala

[12:46]like rasulullah like the prophets like the imams of the albates and

[12:49]there are other imams like leaders who invite people astray and away

[12:54]from allah subhanahu ta'ala so people first they go in in multitudes

[12:59]a fuaja then everyone is divided and categorized okay you go and

[13:04]you stand behind your imam you stand behind your leader you stand

[13:07]behind your leader and then there is also another time where everyone

[13:12]is called individually they say okay now you one one by one

[13:16]we call you and that is the most difficult moment the time

[13:23]that everyone is going to be judged by their actions so here

[13:27]this is perhaps what it means and of course another meaning of

[13:34]all will go to allah one by one meaning that everyone will

[13:38]stand in front of allah individually even if there there are many

[13:41]people there but everyone is worried about themselves everyone is worried about

[13:47]themselves it's the day where everyone their results the results of their

[13:50]lifelong struggle is going to be declared on that day everyone's worried

[13:56]even if you have your whole family even if you have people

[13:58]around you you're not going to care about them anymore imagine you

[14:04]know someone going through major trauma even if they have everyone around

[14:06]them they're they're in totally different place they're not even focused they're

[14:10]not even so everyone is feeling all alone and because everyone is

[14:17]going to be judged by their own actions everyone's going to be

[14:22]judged by their own actions and deeds everyone has their own witness

[14:30]your family is not going to help you your relatives your community

[14:33]the village that you're from the country the passport that you're holding

[14:36]none of that will help you what will help you is your

[14:40]own deeds what you have done for your now in verse 19

[14:46]allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says after yo the heavens and the sky

[14:59]is going to be open and it becomes gateways now here there

[15:04]are several meanings for this what are the possible meanings of the

[15:08]sky opens and it becomes gateways one is the doors of the

[15:12]heaven is going to are going to open so now people are

[15:16]going to be able to enter into paradise until now the doors

[15:21]of heaven are closed even when you die people are in barzak

[15:25]the gates of paradise are closed but after that day the gates

[15:29]of heaven are going to be open and immediately as soon as

[15:33]day of judgment happens the gates of paradise open and some people

[15:38]they're going to their judgment is going to be very quick it's

[15:39]going to be as quick as lightning so they go immediately they're

[15:45]judged and immediately they go to paradise and allah says in the

[16:03]the gates of paradise open immediately after the day of judgment and

[16:08]the gatekeepers of the paradise they tell the people salaamu alaikum enter

[16:15]enter in the gardens of bliss and enter into paradise another meaning

[16:22]is that the um the limitations in the sky are going to

[16:27]be removed right now we are limited into this earth meaning that

[16:31]we can't breathe outside of in space this is where we this

[16:36]is where our abode is this is where we're supposed to live

[16:38]this is where we survive after no the sky is going to

[16:46]open and the the potential and there's going to be no limits

[16:51]people are going to be able to live elsewhere in another realm

[16:52]in another place and because and this is because heaven is in

[16:57]another realm it's in another place another meaning is that the sky

[17:03]and this heaven and everything is going to be destroyed everything's going

[17:13]to change and the earth is not going to remain and we

[17:18]everyone will enter into a new realm then the following verse 20.

[17:27]now and the hills and the mountains are going to be set

[17:34]in motion and they become a mirage this huge mountain that you're

[17:40]looking at these mountains that are some some mountains are over a

[17:44]kilometer long perhaps longer than that this huge mountain such a solid

[17:52]structure nothing is able to remove it nothing is able to shake

[17:55]it this mountain it starts moving and shaking and it collapses it

[17:58]becomes as if it's a mirage because one of the features the

[18:02]beginning of the day of judgment is the earth begins to shake

[18:08]the earth falls apart and the mountains allah to those people who

[18:16]don't believe in the afterlife allah is telling them this mountain that

[18:19]you look at and you see it's such a huge mountain and

[18:23]you rely on it this mountain is going to collapse allah says

[18:28]the mountains are going to move in another verse the earth and

[18:37]the mountains are going to collapse they're going to collide into one

[18:41]another in another verse allah says in the quran they ask you

[18:55]about the mountains they ask you about the mountains say that these

[18:59]mountains are nothing is going to remain they're going to nothing is

[19:04]going to remain from these mountains now the following verses after talking

[19:10]about the mountains then allah subhanahu ta'ala talks about the hellfire now

[19:17]you have the the next series of verses they're focused on the

[19:24]hellfire and jahannam and this is to spark that fear within us

[19:30]my dear brothers and sisters a mutman is a person who lives

[19:34]between fear and hope you're not supposed to have too much fear

[19:39]where you lose hope in the mercy of allah subhanahu ta'ala and

[19:43]similarly you're not supposed to have so much hope that you lose

[19:47]the fear in allah we need to we need to be bain

[19:51]al-khafi allah describes heaven and hell allah doesn't want to just scare

[20:05]people no allah describes the heaven and the hell fire why so

[20:07]that we prepare ourselves so that we get ready so that we

[20:12]say i have to be careful from the hellfire and i have

[20:15]to strive for paradise amir al-mu'manin describes the pious they act as

[20:31]if they have seen paradise so if you have seen paradise then

[20:36]of course you're going to strive you're not going to want to

[20:40]miss out on paradise and also similarly and they also treat the

[20:48]hellfire as if they have seen it and they have been tortured

[20:52]in it so they are very careful they're very cautious today when

[20:56]we fall in sin we either don't know what we're missing out

[21:01]on we don't know the value of paradise or we don't know

[21:05]the danger of the hellfire so here allah subhanahu ta'ala throughout the

[21:11]quran gives us this binary where allah talks about the hellfire but

[21:14]then allah moves on to talk about paradise allah talks about paradise

[21:16]and then moves on to talk about the hell fire some people

[21:19]say why does the allah scare us with the talk of the

[21:23]hellfire no allah doesn't want to scare anyone allah wants to prepare

[21:27]us allah wants us to be careful of our own actions which

[21:30]will lead us to the hellfire if we're not careful so here

[21:34]in verse 21 allah subhanahu wa ta'ala after talking about the mountains

[21:39]and the sky and all of that allah says now the talk

[21:53]becomes serious we were allah says we were telling you about the

[21:56]day of judgment we are proving to you through this and that

[22:00]that there's going to be a day of judgment but there comes

[22:02]a time where those who reject the day of judgment they're going

[22:06]to enter into the hell fire in jahannam indeed hell has been

[22:15]lying in wait it's waiting when you say it's from the word

[22:19]it's when you're looking out when you want to capture when you

[22:23]want to see something when you want to take something that's called

[22:28]marsaad so a hunter is in the mursaad of what's being hunted

[22:31]so here this is a description of the hellfire because the hell

[22:37]fire when people cros when people are crossing over the bridge there's

[22:40]that sarat when people are crossing over that sarat the hell fire

[22:45]will capture them the hell fire will take them the flames of

[22:47]the fire they come up and they burn those who will be

[22:52]going to the hell fire so this is the hellfire is mursaad

[22:56]it's going to capture them another definition of this is that the

[23:00]people who are the dwellers of the hellfire it's as if they're

[23:06]always being watched there's the the angels that torment the hell fire

[23:10]itself and they feel uncomfortable because they have no freedom they're always

[23:16]being watched as opposed to those who are in paradise they're free

[23:20]they could relax they're with their loved ones but those who are

[23:24]in the hell fire they're always feeling that someone's watching over them

[23:28]and they're always suffering and they're always in constant torment and torture

[23:34]let's the hell fire is not for everyone allah is merciful the

[23:40]hellfire is for those who are the target for the transgressors it's

[23:45]a place of destination means to return to but in this meaning

[23:50]it means it's a destination it's a place that people will go

[23:54]to a place where they will remain but this is for the

[23:58]target this is for the transgressors who are those transgressors those who

[24:01]oppress those who killed those who abused those who rejected the message

[24:06]those who rejected the truth there are some people they oppress so

[24:09]much in this life just because they have power just because they

[24:14]have authority they say it's okay i could oppress who's going to

[24:18]hold me accountable yes allah will hold you accountable maybe in this

[24:22]life you will escape from the punishment but from allah subhanahu wa

[24:27]ta'ala no one will be able to escape the punishment la bifi

[24:33]in which they will remain for ages for long periods labithian means

[24:40]they will remain in it it means for a long period now

[24:46]according to some of the hadith from the al debate means either

[24:47]40 years or 60 years or 80 years so it means a

[24:53]very long time now here some people the those who are in

[24:58]the hell fire not everyone will remain in the hellfire the same

[25:01]amount of time those who enter paradise you're in paradise forever that's

[25:08]it you don't once you enter paradise no one could take you

[25:10]out you won't be taken out of paradise but those who go

[25:14]into the hell fire some people they are in there they are

[25:17]in there for a period of time and others they are they

[25:23]are in there forever ever forever after that's it no one will

[25:28]bring them out they won't be brought out because of their actions

[25:32]but there are some people and this is according to the hadith

[25:35]of imam al-baqr and some of the other imams they say that

[25:39]some people perhaps this verse labithi this is talking about a group

[25:44]of people who will be there for a time period and then

[25:47]they will be brought out but of course 40 years or 50

[25:50]years this is not from the years that we count 40 years

[25:55]of the after lifetime is like thousands perhaps like 50 000 years

[26:00]or longer because one year in in the in the one day

[26:04]is equivalent to 50 000 years from this life according to the

[26:09]quran one day of the afterlife is equivalent to 50 000 years

[26:12]this is what the quran says so imagine if someone is in

[26:17]the hell fire for 40 years or 50 years or 80 years

[26:20]from the health from the from the afterlife time so this is

[26:24]why no one should say oh it's okay if i go to

[26:27]the hell fire for a short while and then they'll bring me

[26:29]out no even a moment in the hell fire is something that

[26:32]you should be very careful from and you should not try and

[26:36]you should be wary from and try to avoid none allah describes

[26:42]those who are in the hell fire in verse 25 allah says

[26:48]in the quran those who are in the hell fire they will

[26:58]not taste within the hellfire any coolness or drink nothing cool or

[27:04]any drink except scalding water and a foul pus that emerges from

[27:12]their own body they will drink that and this is something which

[27:17]describes the agony of those who are in the hellfire is a

[27:29]boiling scalding water when when the people we this when we talked

[27:34]about in surat al walka allah describes that the is those who

[27:38]are suffering in the hell fire they want something to drink they

[27:42]go and they drink this boiling water that will bring their that

[27:46]will you know it will scald their own face it's the pus

[27:53]that comes out of the body that's something that they will be

[27:57]drinking and it has a very foul smell now this is opposed

[28:01]to those who are in paradise who allah subhanahu ta'ala describes those

[28:09]who are in paradise allah will give them a drink that is

[28:15]pure that is clean that will purify them now for those who

[28:19]say this is too extreme why is allah punishing those people like

[28:24]that allah says here in verse 26 allah says in verse 26

[28:29]jaza and for those people who say this is this is extreme

[28:49]this is too much allah says this is an appropriate recompense for

[28:56]their own actions allah subhanahu wa ta'ala my dear brothers and sisters

[29:00]allah is just allah will not punish someone for no reason and

[29:06]if anyone has gone through troubles in this life allah will compensate

[29:09]them for it but there are criminals there are some people that

[29:13]are worse than the animals the animal the wolf for example a

[29:17]lion whatever it is they go and they hunt just when they

[29:19]want to eat when they're hungry they're not going to go kill

[29:22]for fun but you see humans they go and they oppress they

[29:28]kill they bomb they abuse there are there are people that benefit

[29:30]from a war machine there are people that benefit from the torment

[29:36]and suffering of other people so this is the nature of human

[29:40]beings worse than animals worse than the beasts so these people they

[29:45]will be punished and when they are punished they are not being

[29:49]punished because allah subhanahu wa ta'ala wants to take revenge whatever they

[29:53]see in the afterlife this is a consequence of their own actions

[29:56]it's a consequence of whatever they used to do this is why

[30:01]there's a something called allah says that people will see the consequences

[30:08]of their own actions in the quran that on the day of

[30:19]judgment everyone will see the consequences of their own actions everyone will

[30:25]see their own emba the embodiment of their own actions these people

[30:32]indeed they were not expecting an account they were living their life

[30:35]as if there's no day of judgment as if there's no accountability

[30:38]as if no one's going to hold them accountable and this is

[30:43]why the quran stresses on the importance of believing in the day

[30:45]of judgment because if you believe in the day of judgment then

[30:47]you're going to be careful but if you don't believe there's accountability

[30:49]then you say who cares it's like someone saying there's no court

[30:53]there's no system there's no justice here therefore let me oppress let

[30:57]me abuse no one's going to hold me accountable but the moment

[31:02]people are afraid of getting a ticket afraid of uh going to

[31:04]jail then they're they're going to say no no let me be

[31:09]careful these people and now and they denied our verses in denial

[31:16]they rejected the truth we sent them prophets and messengers and books

[31:21]we said we gave them the intellect we showed them the truth

[31:24]but they kept rejecting but they rejected they did not think that

[31:32]they're going to be held accountable but everything has been documented everything

[31:37]has been written down no one can escape from the punishment of

[31:44]allah allah everything is recorded every movement is documented in another verse

[31:59]they say yahweh what is this book every detail in our life

[32:11]has been recorded everything has been documented yes allah does not forget

[32:16]but of course there is a way to erase whatever you've done

[32:20]the bad that you've done in before and that's by repenting if

[32:24]you repent allah will erase it allah will give you a clean

[32:27]slate but a lot of people those who don't believe in the

[32:30]akhira they don't repent they're not even worried they don't even say

[32:32]asta for allah they don't even say you know they don't even

[32:36]turn to allah because of their pride because of their arrogance so

[32:46]everything has been documented everything is recorded and this is not difficult

[32:50]for allah my dear brothers and sisters right now through technology we're

[32:57]being monitored our phone knows exactly where we are your your alexa

[33:02]your smartwatch your computer your search on google it knows everything about

[33:08]you so many things about us are known you buy something they'll

[33:11]know exactly what kind of a person you are you walk a

[33:14]little they know how many steps you've walked they know how much

[33:16]your blood pressure is how much your everything is recorded now if

[33:22]technology and humans are able to monitor other people in ways that

[33:27]no one thought of allah subhanahu ta'ala is not able to monitor

[33:31]us no allah is so taste the penalty the punishment and never

[33:45]will we increase you except in torment meaning that this is this

[33:50]is the final part it means that taste is punishment and you

[33:56]will get more and worse punishment because you did not believe in

[33:59]accountability you did not believe in the day of judgment and you

[34:03]were from the target you were from the transgressors those who oppressed

[34:07]those who abused and according to rasool allah he says this is

[34:13]the most difficult verse for the those who are the dwellers of

[34:15]the hellfire because after the punishment that they're already seeing allah says

[34:22]we're going to give you more torment he says this is the

[34:32]worst for those who are in the hell fire now my dear

[34:36]brothers and sisters for those who are frightened and rightfully so we

[34:39]should all be frightened by this message but the following verses talk

[34:46]about paradise so as we mentioned in the quran there's a binary

[34:49]there there has to be a balance the quran has that balance

[34:53]and in our lives we should have that balance you want to

[34:56]pray say if you don't feel like praying right now say no

[34:59]there's the hell fire and then there's also the reward there's also

[35:04]the punish the the reward from allah paradise so the men should

[35:10]be between fear and between hope and faith and um wanting to

[35:19]have paradise so the following verses those who are muttaqi they are

[35:22]successful they are victorious inshallah we will explain and continue the commentary

[35:30]of the surah suratul nabat in the next session was

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2-Tafsir Surat An-Naba’- (verses 17-30) - Sayed Saleh Qazwini

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