The Life of Imam Hasan (as) and His Role Before the Tragedy of Karbala - Hajj Jalal Moughania

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[0:13]he gets tired foreign in the name of god the most beneficent

[0:53]the most merciful we ask allah to send his greatest peace and

[0:58]blessings upon muhammad we praise allah for all the blessings he has

[1:04]given us and the greatest blessing being that he allowed us to

[1:08]be of the ones who remain steadfast dedicated and loyal on the

[1:10]path of our master after the prophet the commander of the faithful

[1:13]the prince of the believers the protector of the prophet and his

[1:17]message we praise allah for this blessing and every blessing for without

[1:22]allah we would have nothing my dear respected brothers and sisters firstly

[1:31]it's a pleasure to be with you all uh it has been

[1:37]some a bit of a while and i'm glad to see that

[1:38]nyc continued to do these programs observing social distancing um and having

[1:44]the brothers and sisters be able to come here in person uh

[1:47]and engage and benefit and learn and share in the blessings tonight

[1:52]is a particular particularly beautiful night in that it's bringing memory to

[1:58]imam al hasan alayhi salaam though it is definitely a sad and

[2:02]sorrowful occasion as we commemorate that ishad of the imam but it

[2:08]is a night in which we're coming together to remember an imam

[2:13]whom we often forget notice a lot of times in our conversations

[2:17]in our discussions in our emphasis we go to certain imams of

[2:23]course those imams that we gravitate towards sometimes in our conversations be

[2:27]like our living awaited imam allah there's a significance to each one

[2:39]of the those imams and why we naturally gravitate towards them of

[2:44]course being the one who the prophet ship of salvation he is

[2:50]like the ark of noah he is that ship of salvation in

[2:54]that light of guidance being the one whom the prophet described as

[3:01]i am the city of knowledge and ali is its gate whoever

[3:04]wishes to enter the city must enter through its gate and the

[3:10]rest of our imams let's try tonight to make a paradigm shift

[3:16]in our minds in our lives in our relationship with those imams

[3:20]even if it's for the next 20 minutes or so consider this

[3:25]shift in the way you look at the imams even if this

[3:28]is a subconscious view that you have or something that you're not

[3:32]doing intentionally because overwhelmingly we know sometimes we remember some imams more

[3:37]than others when it comes to imam al-hasan i want you to

[3:42]take this with you and insha allah this will be a blessing

[3:43]in all of our lives and this is the following whenever you

[3:49]think about imam hussain and his sacrifice on the day of i

[3:55]want you to think of imam al-hasan being the one that without

[4:01]him would not exist karbala and its experience and its sacrifice could

[4:05]not exist was a necessary condition strategically for the movement of illiman

[4:18]in 1950 about 70 years ago actually exactly 70 years ago there

[4:29]was an elderly scholar in the city of calvimia iraq suburb of

[4:35]baghdad the capital of iraq who here is from iraq or your

[4:40]families are from iraq who here's visited iraq all right inshallah all

[4:46]of you have the ability to go on ziyarah in iraq where

[4:48]more than half of our imams are buried beautiful beautiful country in

[4:54]which one is connected directly through your spiritual heritage is in this

[5:00]country called many of our scholars are from this place kavamiya this

[5:06]scholar was from this place his house was lit on fire set

[5:15]ablaze 1950 elderly man he's not a young guy right his house

[5:20]is going in the flames what would you do if you saw

[5:24]your house on fire what would be your first reaction what would

[5:28]be the first thing that you run back into the house to

[5:34]get if you had a choice of anything let's say alhamdulillah everybody's

[5:36]out of the house so it's not any of your siblings your

[5:38]kids your parents anybody like that but there's something in the house

[5:44]that you want to save what's the first thing that you go

[5:49]for it's not a rhetorical question i'm really asking you guys what

[5:51]would be the first thing that you go back into the house

[5:54]to get the first thing and you have to choose only one

[6:00]thing what do you go back and get to blurt it out

[6:06]say it say something i might not even know it's you because

[6:08]all of your faces are covered what do you go there and

[6:15]save your house is on fire what do you save quran you

[6:19]got one one just pick one your copy of the holy quran

[6:26]beautiful your bird your bird okay beautiful what's your bird's name buddy

[6:29]you save body okay so we got the holy quran that we're

[6:33]saving and we got buddy what else are we saving your house

[6:37]is set on fire blaze you can save one thing what do

[6:43]you save what do you say one thing you can save what

[6:48]is it knob jewelry okay yeah especially if the jewelry has some

[7:00]sentimental value in addition to its monetary value absolutely let's say you

[7:04]have a ring that like this ring right here this was gifted

[7:07]to me from my brother this would definitely be something that i

[7:11]would save has significance on a number of different levels one thing

[7:15]you could save what would it be think about it some more

[7:24]if you don't want to share with me it's okay this scholar

[7:28]his house is on fire he goes into the house runs inside

[7:33]the fire is all over smoke all over people are watching him

[7:38]people think that he's not gonna make it he's an older man

[7:42]runs in the house and he's looking for a manuscript he's looking

[7:47]for a book that he wrote that was still yet to be

[7:51]published this book right here is the book that he saved this

[8:01]book right here is what he risked his life what he committed

[8:07]his life to write and what he risked his life to save

[8:11]this book right here which was actually published after he passed away

[8:17]he didn't actually see the book published but he saved it he

[8:24]saved the manuscript this book the is treaty of imam al-hassan that

[8:28]was written by sheikh al-jazeen i want you guys to write this

[8:34]down or put a note in your phone if you're going to

[8:36]take anything away from tonight's lecture it's this book the peace treaty

[8:44]of imam al-hasan by sheikh ravi al-assin this is about a 400

[8:52]page book the original arabic it's about a 400 page book you

[8:55]and i may look at a 400 page book and be like

[8:59]man i'm not going to read a 400 page book man it's

[9:02]going to take so long for me to read a 400 page

[9:08]book imagine what went into this man writing this 400 page book

[9:15]was a book that was noted was praised by said abdullah who

[9:24]was a grand scholar in the city of sur in lebanon he

[9:27]commented on this book and he said this is a book like

[9:32]no other that exists and that the libraries of the shia school

[9:38]of thought have been empty of a book like this for way

[9:42]too long and shakhra the aliasine came and filled the libraries with

[9:48]this book he filled a void because for so long this is

[9:54]when when was the book published in 1952 in 1952 after what

[10:00]about a thousand three hundred years we came to actually finally have

[10:11]a book that speaks about imam al-hassan in a way that people

[10:14]can now actually understand his significance this by the way is not

[10:19]a kind of sad thing i don't want you to look at

[10:21]it as negatively like wow it took us that long to write

[10:23]a book about no i want you to look at it it's

[10:27]such a positive thing let me tell you how imam al-hasan alayhi

[10:31]is still so current and relevant to you and i that finally

[10:39]we have a book only about 50 to 70 years ago now

[10:42]that now we can understand his strategic role in being that condition

[10:45]for the movement of hussein unfortunately many of us when we look

[10:51]at imam hussain and our connection to which in sha allah we're

[10:55]still in that spirit of commemoration hopefully even if it's a bit

[10:59]bits and pieces the connection to imam al-hussein is that we have

[11:05]the connection to our the connection i want you from today moving

[11:10]forward is the condition of that connection tonight we're gonna get glimpses

[11:18]of this book and what i want each and every one of

[11:22]us to do and if you just walked in i want you

[11:23]to write down this book the peace treaty of and if you

[11:32]still missed it i want you to come up to me after

[11:35]the presentation and ask me for it why because alhamdulillah we did

[11:40]some we did some digging for this but we found the english

[11:44]version so no excuse even though the translation may be a little

[11:52]dense still good still somewhere to start this book will change your

[11:58]perspective in your paradigm of adherbate let me tell you how imam

[12:05]al-hasan came into a period of time of civil strife inherited by

[12:08]the reign of his father ruled for four and a half years

[12:14]approximately his after the first the second and the third caliphs his

[12:22]was characterized as a period of civil strife of civil war where

[12:26]he had three battles that he fought the battle of jaman jamal

[12:32]suffeen and in those three battles imam ali alayhi salaam was challenged

[12:38]by different factions within the ummah the first being the widow of

[12:42]the prophet and two companions of the prophet the second being by

[12:48]muhawiyah the leader of the umayyads and then the third being against

[12:53]the khawarij or the heritage that came forward as ones who defected

[12:58]from imam ali's army in safin as a result of the taking

[13:03]that took place the arbitration that took place between illima ali and

[13:08]mauawya or imam ali's army and mahari's army the khawaris continued to

[13:15]play an extremely significant role when it came to imam al-hasan many

[13:20]of us don't really pay attention to this but when you look

[13:24]at it historically the first caliph that came the second caliph that

[13:28]came the third caliph that came collectively there were about 25 years

[13:32]of rule in the muslim empire then in imam ali the people

[13:39]would finally come back and say ya ali we want you to

[13:43]lead after uthman the third caliph was assassinated they said ya ali

[13:48]we want you to lead historically if you look imam ali would

[13:51]say go and choose somebody else other than me what what do

[13:58]you mean this is your right you were chosen by the holy

[14:03]prophet they chose you the prophet chose you all of the muslims

[14:06]congratulated you gave you by that was 25 years ago now you're

[14:12]telling us as the muslims to go and choose somebody else he

[14:16]said yes i am better for you as counsel than i am

[14:19]as chief go and seek someone else but they wouldn't let go

[14:22]they continue to emphasize we want no one but you okay no

[14:27]problem but i'm going to lead as the prophet led and this

[14:29]is something that you probably won't be patient for no no we

[14:33]will be patient and we will follow you okay four and a

[14:39]half years civil war all from different factions in fact two of

[14:43]the individuals that came and gave bayata imam islam wanting him to

[14:47]be the one that would lead would be who would lead the

[14:52]civil war against the imam al-assam launched the campaign from basra against

[14:55]imam ali alayhi in the first year of his or the first

[15:01]part of his caliphate now so for four and a half years

[15:05]this took place was doing what setting the standard of just governance

[15:10]that even within the ummah when you have disagreements even when you

[15:15]have strife even when you have muslims fighting each other i'm going

[15:19]to show you how to handle it i'm going to show you

[15:20]how to deal with it because everyone has rights and everyone must

[15:25]be regarded and everyone must be respected you can't trample upon the

[15:31]rights of others and just say because he's fighting me or because

[15:34]he launched a campaign about against me or because they're speaking ill

[15:38]of me that means i'm going to disregard them completely absolutely not

[15:42]this was his son when imam ali passed away and imam al-hassan

[15:52]became the active imam and the khalifa the head of state imam

[15:59]hasan al-islam would actually rule for about seven months until muhawiyah and

[16:08]his forces challenged him in war which continued for but because the

[16:16]situation was so dire a peace treaty would result now imagine this

[16:21]mohawiyah wanted to pull a fast one on hassan and wanted while

[16:26]the armies were set up and about to fight one another would

[16:32]suggest to al-imam al-hasan let us save the blood of the muslims

[16:38]i don't want to see bloodshed let's come to some type of

[16:44]agreement thinking hassan would disregard him object and say no we're going

[16:50]to war because he knew imam hasan was mind you and always

[16:55]try to do this whenever we're looking at history make sure you're

[16:59]looking at history within context and make sure that your people in

[17:03]history are within that context so for example when we look at

[17:10]when we look at imam we often look at his period of

[17:16]rule whether it be the four and a half years or the

[17:20]imam as the imam the twenty-five years prior we look at him

[17:23]without thinking about imam al-hasan what were they doing during the four

[17:28]and a half years that is the khalifa you actually had al-imam

[17:31]al-hasan and hussain at the forefront of those battles they were fighting

[17:37]in those wars they were defending the ummah against those who are

[17:42]trying to create strife with the imam so keep that in mind

[17:50]inherited all of that so he goes forward to fight against muhammad

[17:52]comes forward he wants to pull a fast one animal and say

[17:56]let us have a peace treaty thinking hassan is going to object

[17:59]and say no peace we're going to war because he knew it

[18:04]was courageous was brave was just like his father imam ali and

[18:08]then in malawi i didn't want to fight another war against the

[18:12]son of imam ali alayhi salaam and lose or have a result

[18:16]where it doesn't have him be one that's in power mind you

[18:20]mohawk has been struggling or not struggling but working for this position

[18:24]of power that he's had his eyes on for decades decades the

[18:32]umayyads led by muhawiyah didn't just come out of anywhere they didn't

[18:37]just come out of nowhere muawiyah was appointed by the second khalifa

[18:43]so this was what only about two and a half three years

[18:48]after the death of the prophet muhammad would actually come into governance

[18:53]and he would be appointed as governor of one of the most

[18:56]important governance or provinces in the muslim empire syria so imagine this

[19:06]after the prophet salallahu alaihi passes away only a few years later

[19:11]actually is now in one of the most important government positions in

[19:15]the muslim um the arch nemesis of the holy prophet the one

[19:27]whom the prophet when they marched back onto mecca and the pagans

[19:32]of mecca were still at war with the holy prophet led by

[19:40]abu sufyan and they finally surrendered aslam why because they saw the

[19:44]muslim army and they're like we're not dying we want to live

[19:47]we want power the march anti-mecca resulted in what what many called

[19:56]the bloodless war why because they all gave up they res raised

[20:02]the white flags and the prophet designated them as a the freed

[20:09]slaves because by the rules of war the rules of engagement at

[20:15]that time those who would be fighting against and give up or

[20:20]raise that white flag they essentially became prisoners of war to the

[20:24]next army so the holy prophet says we're freeing you but know

[20:31]who you are the son of the freed slaves and eventually yazid

[20:38]would be the ones that would come and challenge imam ali hassan

[20:44]and imam and hussain bates had all of this in mind they

[20:51]knew what was going to happen and they knew the plans of

[20:54]the umayyads not merely from their spiritual knowledge and the knowledge that

[20:59]allah endowed them with but also from a strategic perspective in them

[21:02]analyzing the situation of the ummah they knew who abu sufyan was

[21:06]they knew who was they knew who they were they knew who

[21:09]the umayyads were so imam ali even when he wasn't in the

[21:14]he was monitoring this whole situation and he knew what was going

[21:20]on imam hasan the same way so when muhammad proposes to imam

[21:24]al-hassan listen let's have peace expecting that would say flip the switch

[21:33]on him flip the script on him and said yes we will

[21:37]have peace but on these conditions the following conditions are the five

[21:42]major conditions of the peace treaty which what the peace treaty would

[21:54]say would become the khalifa so long as the the following things

[21:57]happen stipulations conditions has to rule according to the book of allah

[22:07]the sunnah of the prophet and the rule of the righteous caliphs

[22:11]now when we look at the narrations when we look at the

[22:16]expression we take a second and a moment of pause look at

[22:25]how craftily imam al-hasan positions this peace treaty keep that in mind

[22:33]right mind you some people already imam al-hasan is saying we will

[22:39]have peace some of the shia themselves are odds with themselves they're

[22:46]like what we're going to have peace with him o imam why

[22:48]are you doing this what's going on mind you the army of

[22:53]the imam was also comprised of five different components five different factions

[22:57]who are they was the army of imam al-hasan all loyal to

[23:04]him absolutely not five different factions of the army one the loyal

[23:08]supporters of the imam the shia second was a group of people

[23:15]that were called these were people they didn't care who was ruling

[23:21]they didn't care about the imam they didn't care about anything theologically

[23:26]or creed it wasn't about anything like that the end of the

[23:30]day they were looking whoever's gonna make life easier for us okay

[23:33]we'll fight with you you're going to pay us you're going to

[23:37]take care of us okay there was another group that were essentially

[23:40]like a security agency they were hired guns they looked for whoever

[23:46]was going to pay them and they would jump to any army

[23:51]the other group that was with them the third group was who

[23:55]the umayyads themselves the umayyads had infiltrated imam al-hassan's army and they

[24:02]formed as spies then you had the group of people that who

[24:07]were acting like they were loyal to the imam but they really

[24:13]wanted vengeance was actually there was an assassination attempt on his life

[24:16]in which he was stabbed in his thigh by one of his

[24:25]soldiers who was a khariji it was a hierarchy and the dagger

[24:32]itself was dipped in poison so many were looking at even before

[24:37]the battle would begin there were so many holes in that army

[24:41]because of all of the different people that were in it so

[24:44]you had loyal supporters you had people that you know they would

[24:47]go left and right you had hired guns you have umayyads infiltrating

[24:51]in there and you had khawaris that wanted to take vengeance because

[24:54]of what happened with islam that was the state of imam hasan's

[25:01]army so when his shia came to him and said oh imam

[25:04]you're going to have a peace treaty with the likes of muhammad

[25:06]they doubted the imam in that situation and actually continued to doubt

[25:13]him he said you know that i am the foremost amongst you

[25:16]in battle but if we continue to pursue this battle not one

[25:20]follower of ours will be left on the face of this earth

[25:24]not one the words of the imam now one follower of adherbate

[25:29]will be left on the face of this earth if we continue

[25:33]in this war against muhammad [Music] so the conditions of that peace

[25:39]treaty were as follows to rule and accordance to the holy quran

[25:42]the sunnah and the righteous catalyst is not to appoint anybody in

[25:49]government not to appoint anybody in this position after government goes back

[25:52]to imam al-hasan or imam al-hasan passes away ali people used to

[26:15]curse the imam in friday prayer and even in can you imagine

[26:22]it this was the situation of the umayyads what muawiyah was trying

[26:28]to do some people when they received the news in syria in

[26:32]shem in damascus when they heard the news that imam ali alayhi

[26:35]salaam was killed they say oh how was he killed he said

[26:40]he was killed in kufa where in kufa masjid kufa really what

[26:43]was he doing there he was praying really he was leading prayer

[26:48]wait a second you're telling me ali the guy that we curse

[26:52]all the time he was killed in his prayer yeah really he

[26:58]prays imagine the propaganda machine that that was existed at that time

[27:02]that it convinced certain people that were muslims doesn't even pray that

[27:08]they were shocked by the idea that imam al-assad prayed and that

[27:11]he was killed in his prayer that's why was fighting against so

[27:18]he had this peace treaty that was the third condition the fourth

[27:25]condition was that all of the monies and the properties of those

[27:33]who were the martyrs the families of the martyrs of the battles

[27:38]all of those would be returned to the people the rights of

[27:42]the people would be returned certain monies from the treasury would be

[27:47]protected and then finally everyone in the ummah must be protected from

[27:53]persecution especially the followers of ali those were the five conditions says

[28:00]sure let's do it the failing army that had those five different

[28:10]factions that made up that army that we just described turned from

[28:14]a failing army into a publicly recognized political opposition against this new

[28:21]force that was bound to rule now imam al-hasan positioned the shia

[28:28]to be protected instead of being ones that will be killed and

[28:31]their memory annihilated until the sacrifice of hussein ali salam would come

[28:40]and then even after that the strategic move of imam let's see

[28:48]how and inshallah will end with us because it's the time of

[28:52]prayers upon us look at those conditions that he set for malawia

[29:00]to rule even though just so you know when he came to

[29:05]rule the first place that he marched onto was which city which

[29:10]city was the first city that muawiyah marched onto after the peace

[29:15]treaty took place and after he became the new khalifa the new

[29:19]caliph which was the first city just take a wild guess that

[29:22]he went to nam assante but that would change by the way

[29:37]kufa would change not because kufa was disloyal don't let people convince

[29:42]you of that kufo was always loyal but with the umayyads that

[29:46]the makeup of the city would change over years why muhammad would

[29:50]rule for 18 years you think he let kufa alone until no

[29:56]absolutely not for 18 years as the khalifa of the muslim empire

[30:04]the first place he marched onto was kufa he walked into kufa

[30:09]and he said gathering all of the people as his keynote speech

[30:17]his public address his inauguration if you will he said i want

[30:23]you all to know that i did not come to rule i

[30:29]did not come to lead all of you into prayer into hajj

[30:35]into zakat into hajj umrah all of these spiritual rituals i didn't

[30:40]come for that i came to rule over you and practice my

[30:47]dominion over you and this treaty that i struck with al-hasan is

[30:53]under my foot 18 years would pass the imam the act of

[31:11]imam but what happened during the years that islam was existent was

[31:15]there was present within hassan let's rewind ten years ten years before

[31:24]that would be poisoned and killed those eight year that eight year

[31:30]period that imam al-hasan alaihi was there as the act of imam

[31:34]the shia would constantly come to him and he would say no

[31:36]we're not changing but look they're not following any part of the

[31:40]the treaty he's like we're following him become the act of imam

[31:50]the shia would come towards him and they would say o imam

[31:52]let us rise against muhammad let us take back let us take

[31:56]back what is ours let us establish truth and justice let us

[31:59]mobilize let us revolt let's lead this let's go so long as

[32:10]muhammad is alive achieve your swords sheath your swords i am on

[32:16]the same path as my brother al-hasan achieve your swords died before

[32:29]his death he appointed his son yazid that was the last condition

[32:41]that was violated of the five condition treaty genius was he created

[32:49]this treaty so that every proof not just theological not just religious

[32:54]but political and sociological would now be on the burden of the

[32:59]umayyads who violated every single condition that was publicly recognized by the

[33:04]entire ummah those on the sides of the umayyads and those against

[33:09]them he led for 18 years and then finally he violated the

[33:15]last condition he continued to violate every condition and violated the last

[33:21]condition by appointing yazid his son as the next khalifa caliph hussain

[33:24]in his movement against yazid and refusing to pay allegiance to yazid

[33:30]was not merely in his position as the rightful imam but in

[33:35]his position politically within the community that he lived in the society

[33:40]that he lived in that abided by social contract look at the

[33:46]genius of any which way you looked at al-hussein in his movement

[33:52]that reawakened the ummah for years and decades and centuries was what

[33:57]regardless of religion or theology this was a social contract this was

[34:03]publicly recognized everyone had to abide by it no excuses don't bring

[34:09]theology even into this this is human to human coming to agreement

[34:14]with one another they violated every condition who violated every right al-hussein

[34:20]in his movement was not just as the imam but was as

[34:25]a citizen of that community of that nation that had rights and

[34:30]everyone recognized them so that al-imam and her saying in his movement

[34:33]the way it was it wasn't just but it was the most

[34:40]righteous amongst them by their choice look at that strategic genius brothers

[34:48]and sisters read this book what i said is just like snippets

[34:57]from this book of his work this man dedicated his life and

[35:01]rest his life to save this book that was in that fire

[35:04]in his house in 1950 our scholars refer to this book as

[35:10]one of it one of a kind this man risked his life

[35:13]to save it he didn't even see it published in his lifetime

[35:17]but alhamdulillah in his grave people are benefiting benefiting because of his

[35:24]beautiful work highlighting the significance of hassan and remember tonight insha allah

[35:30]moving forward we look at imam hasan alayhi is not an afterthought

[35:34]but as a condition to our relationship with imam al-hussein and understanding

[35:41]the movement of understanding the movement and foreign us uh brothers and

[36:01]sisters for uh the blessings of this gathering uh for all of

[36:04]the souls of the individuals that made this imagination possible um and

[36:07]for all of your deceased ones let us recite another oh you

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The Life of Imam Hasan (as) and His Role Before the Tragedy of Karbala - Hajj Jalal Moughania

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