Shia Jurisprudence- The 2nd case through which "fawaat alMa7al" takes place - Hamam Nassereddine

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In Lectures

These are lessons in which we shed light on Shia Islamic laws and explain those laws in a simplified manner.

Transcript

[0:15]m [Music] now last lesson we were speaking about and we mentioned

[1:01]the first first case through which takes place we were talking about

[1:07]omitting a specific part of the prayer due to sah meaning due

[1:14]to unawareness and we said that if this happens during the prayer

[1:19]if someone omits part of the prayer due to sahul um then

[1:24]obviously will have to look at what part of the prayer was

[1:27]omitted was it or was it not a and we mentioned the

[1:35]laws regarding both now what happens is sometimes you remember that you

[1:43]omitted a specific part of the prayer and you're still able to

[1:49]uh recover that part you're still able to perform it and sometimes

[1:53]no you can't recover it you cannot per perform it meaning you

[1:58]cannot correct your mistake in the prayer because you've done something or

[2:04]you've entered a part of the prayer which does not allow you

[2:12]to go back and fix the mistake that's what we call so

[2:16]now we're looking at what how does take place he mentions that

[2:28]happens in three ways so we have three scenarios for right now

[2:35]we're looking at the first scenario and that is entering a meaning

[2:40]entering the following R when a person enters the following R and

[2:48]we already explained what R means and what are the Aran when

[2:52]someone enters the following R he cannot go back and perform what

[2:59]he omitted in the prayer what he missed in the prayer so

[3:04]depending on what was missed he will be told to continue the

[3:10]prayer or no he might be told that the prayer is invalid

[3:13]again depending on what was missed in the prayer mentioned a few

[3:22]examples on this regard and we explained those examples I'll mention one

[3:26]quick example right now and we'll continue where we left off inall

[3:32]subhanahu waala um for example D is performing Sal and he is

[3:42]in his second and he recites and then he forgets to recite

[3:47]aah after and he goes into he enters what we call now

[3:54]in English we said we called it the zone of what does

[3:59]the zone of ru mean it means basically that the person has

[4:03]um has bowed down he has bent his back to the point

[4:11]where the tips of his fingers can reach his knees so if

[4:17]he has bent down to that extent then he has entered the

[4:20]zone of so performs he reads he reads and then he forgets

[4:28]to read the Surah after it and he goes go into he

[4:30]enters the zone of now he's in the zone of can he

[4:38]go back he remembers when he's in he remembers that he did

[4:42]not read the Surah after can he go back no he can

[4:47]should he go back no he shouldn't is his prayer invalid no

[4:50]it's still valid because what was missed was a w that is

[4:56]meaning it's mandatory but it's not a so he does not have

[5:03]to he does not have to uh repeat his prayer he can

[5:10]simply continue the prayer and his prayer will be valid yes it

[5:14]would be wise to perform it would be wise and better to

[5:19]perform to perform or after his prayer this is based on the

[5:36]laws of sayani now for another Mar perhaps he will tell you

[5:38]that because he missed the after then he has to perform hence

[5:46]remember we have to refer to theam of our right but for

[5:53]in that specific case if someone missed his um if he missed

[5:57]the the the Surah after due to unawareness it is not mandatory

[6:03]on him to perform yes it would be better to do it

[6:09]so that being said we're going to continue where we left off

[6:16]we're still looking at the first scenario regarding so he says we're

[6:44]reading what say mentions in in the chapter of chapter of Errors

[6:51]the errors of the errors done in prayer so it says [Music]

[7:26]so he says if someone forgets one One S from one specific

[7:35]all right why is he saying One S because we said many

[7:44]times two two SAS of one or a but One S of

[7:49]one is not a it's so if he forgets One S and

[7:57]he does not remember that that he forgot one s until he

[8:04]enters the zone of in that case his Salat will be what

[8:08]it will be valid there will be no problem with his prayer

[8:16]yes after the prayer he will have to perform he will have

[8:21]to make up the s that he did not uh perform meaning

[8:27]the s that he missed also it would be uh it would

[8:53]be better to perform after Salat as well because he missed one

[8:59]of of the uh two SAS of a specific all right so

[9:25]here let's give an example to clarify say example again we go

[9:33]to D is performing in the first goes into then he sits

[9:51]down and for some reason he goes into a state of sahu

[9:57]a state of unawareness so instead of going into the second s

[10:04]he rises and he begins reading F he reads the other Surah

[10:07]after F then he goes into R once he enters the zone

[10:12]of R he remembers that I did not do the second s

[10:15]so in this case we tell D you can continue your Sal

[10:22]your Salat will be valid it is valid it is not invalid

[10:24]but at the end of your prayer once you finish before you

[10:31]do any of the invalidator of prayer do of do the make

[10:37]up the s that you missed so he intends without talking of

[10:43]course he intends in his heart in his mind that I'm doing

[10:45]the S I'm making up the s that I missed he goes

[10:50]into Su the same way we perform Su and Sal he says

[10:56]and then he rises also we said it would be better according

[11:02]to to perform but it's not necessary for this specific case as

[11:07]for making up the S it is necessary he must do it

[11:12]so here his Salat will be valid he says sometimes what he

[11:26]forgets is not a s it's a he forgets and he does

[11:31]not remember that he forgot he does not realize that he omitted

[11:36]aood in the prayer until he goes into or he realizes after

[11:48]okay for example Cal is performing Sal he does the first two

[11:58]and at the end end of the second he does the second

[12:02]s of the second then he sits down now it's time to

[12:09]do what right he in the second he's at the end of

[12:12]the second finished his second s so it's time to do he

[12:17]sits down and now he enters the state of unawareness sah so

[12:23]he rises and he performs the in the third goes into does

[12:33]his R he rises from R he goes into what now as

[12:39]he's doing his suud he remembers I did not perform T due

[12:47]to unawareness okay so he's not only remembering after he enters the

[12:52]zone of Ru no no he even passed the zone of he's

[12:54]in what the two SAS of of the of the third so

[13:01]in this case we tell him your Salat is valid it's valid

[13:08]but once you finish your Salat you must perform it's a must

[13:13]because he missed a that's one of the cases where is necessary

[13:20]and based on recommended precaution it would also be uh better to

[13:26]do all right so he makes up the T after the prayer

[13:32]it would be better for him to do so but it's not

[13:36]wag not mandatory according to you might tell me what happens if

[13:45]if he remembers that he did not perform before uh before we

[13:51]we mentioned this last week if he remembered before he went into

[13:59]the of the third that he did not perform the and he

[14:02]has to sit down he sits down and he uh performs the

[14:09]tah then he performs everything else that comes after T in the

[14:15]proper order so even if he had already said he has to

[14:25]repeat those after his and in that case his prayer will be

[14:41]valid yes remember that have their own and we said that sometimes

[14:49]when depending on what you miss in the Salah or what you

[14:53]do is so keep the rulings of in mind inah we did

[15:01]not take those rulings yet but you can read them um on

[15:04]your own and after we finish with the the rulings that we're

[15:10]taking right now when we get to the chapter of we'll mention

[15:13]the details of we mentioned some details in the past but not

[15:18]all he says what does that mean if someone misses part of

[15:29]the and does not remember that he missed part of the T

[15:35]until he entered the following then his will be valid the will

[15:40]be valid so for example you know we say someone uh named

[16:02]Bak was performing in his in the first of meaning in the

[16:13]second said what he said and then he rose for the third

[16:22]why' you do that well he went into a state of unawareness

[16:26]he went into a state of s he was thinking about his

[16:34]his math exam again so he forgot to complete the he rose

[16:39]for he rose for the third he performed and then he went

[16:46]into after entering the zone of he remembered you know I did

[16:51]not complete my I only said so in this case he cannot

[16:57]go back and fix his mistake he has to continue the prayer

[17:00]and his prayer will be valid says if someone makes a mistake

[17:28]in regarding to the the uh the order of the and the

[17:32]so he does before the second s not after it and he

[17:46]only remembers that he did this mistake again due to unawareness after

[17:50]he enters the following his prayer will also be V it Subhan

[17:54]Allah it sounds very simple meaning it you know it's a it's

[17:59]a religion of Mercy many cases Islam tells you okay you you

[18:03]you've done a mistake m in in prayer but but because you

[18:07]did it out of unawareness or for this reason or that reason

[18:10]you are forgiven you don't have to repeat your prayer it's a

[18:15]flexible religion yes it's complex in the sense that there's a lot

[18:18]of details that we need to there are a lot of details

[18:23]that we need to learn but it's a religion of forgiveness and

[18:25]a religion of flexibility not to say that there aren't moments or

[18:29]scenarios in which a person has to repeat his prayer no sometimes

[18:33]you have to repeat your prayer okay it all depends on the

[18:38]mistake that was done one of the greatest mistakes that will damage

[18:42]be um is uh a mistake which nullifies the woo this one's

[18:51]a big one someone does woo incorrectly such that his wo is

[18:55]void then yes his Salat will be void as well so he

[18:59]will have to repeat is prayer hence we always tell people make

[19:02]sure that you learn W properly okay and if you have not

[19:06]examined yourself before um examine yourself how do I do that go

[19:14]to a say go to someone who who knows his hisam and

[19:17]uh tell him you know I'm I'm gonna do W in front

[19:21]of you or I'm GNA tell you at least how I do

[19:24]if you're not able to do it in front of that person

[19:25]for one reason or another then at least tell that person um

[19:30]why sorry tell him how you do how you do explain your

[19:36]W to that person and ensure that your wo is correct people

[19:42]usually do that in ha people usually do that in Haj although

[19:47]it is better to do it before you go to Hajj because

[19:50]Salat is always W right every day we have to pray from

[19:55]the day of until the day of death we have to perform

[19:57]Salah so even if I'm not going to Hajj anytime soon um

[20:03]let me ensure that My Wo is correct so if you if

[20:09]you can do wo in front of that person then very well

[20:15]if you can't at least tell them how you do for example

[20:18]if there's a sister who's a nonah and she goes to a

[20:22]obviously she's not going to be able to do in front of

[20:24]the right because she has to wear hijab and observe hijab but

[20:30]she can expain to him how she does wo and then she'll

[20:32]see if her wo is correct or not nonetheless so he says

[20:46]someone is performing Sal again B is doing let's say he's performing

[20:54]now in the second recites T when after the first s not

[21:03]after the second s after the first s he recites then he

[21:09]goes into so he does a full he goes into he say

[21:14]he rises and he gets up for the third once he enters

[21:24]the zone of he remembers you know I did a mistake again

[21:27]due to unawareness a mistake due to unawareness and that was a

[21:36]mistake pertaining to I perform my before my second s not after

[21:41]in this case his prayer will be valid so he says I

[21:48]would in all these cases that we mentioned his prayer will be

[21:55]valid and he will be told to continue his prayer meaning he

[21:58]he will not be responsible of repeating the prayer he can simply

[22:02]continue and his prayer will be valid then notifies us he says

[22:18]yes if a person forgot one s from one specific then he

[22:25]has to perform the he has to make up that s after

[22:31]the prayer but if he remembers if he remembers that he made

[22:56]those mistakes again due to unawareness he made one of those mistakes

[23:01]due to unawareness before he enters the zone of in that case

[23:11]what what should he do he should go back he should perform

[23:15]whatever he missed and he should also perform all of the mandatory

[23:22]Deeds that come after the deed which he missed and he does

[23:28]all of those deeds in order this is what if he remembers

[23:32]before he enters the zone of so for example uh Bak is

[23:48]performing and he goes into his first Saga and then he rises

[23:59]from the sjda and and sits down then he rises for the

[24:03]second so he misses what he misses One S from from the

[24:10]first as he's reciting he remembers I only did one s so

[24:16]what should what should he do at that point Joe he should

[24:30]go back right he should go back sit down uh a he

[24:36]should go down to suud perform the second SJ and then sit

[24:40]down then he should rise and re read fat and the Surah

[24:49]which comes after Surah faat then he continues his prayer and his

[24:53]prayer will be valid the same applies if he forgot his but

[25:02]again he remembered before he entered the zone of the same applies

[25:08]if he made a mistake pertaining to so again Bak is performing

[25:16]in the second s sorry the second he recites the after the

[25:25]first SJ and then he performs the second SJ then he sits

[25:28]down and he goes up for the third as he's doing he's

[25:34]reciting he remembers that I made a mistake you have a question

[25:41]no no he remembers that he made a mistake I made a

[25:45]mistake in theah I recited before my second s not after so

[25:51]here he should stop reiding you should go down perform per the

[26:00]second s and rise from it perform the T then get back

[26:07]up and perform the third okay so he recites the once again

[26:13]and he does all the mandatory deeds in order he says so

[26:49]he notifies us that in some of these cases it will be

[26:54]W on him it will be mandatory on him to perform but

[27:00]he tells you that in you know later on in the book

[27:05]I will mention the details of suud do we have any questions

[27:18]no questions any questions no okay let's see how much time we

[27:29]have left okay now say mentions the the second scenario or the

[28:01]second case in which takes place so he says up until now

[28:12]we understand that happens when I enter the following okay the second

[28:19]case is what the second scenario is ending the prayer if I

[28:26]end my prayer and it happens that I missed part of the

[28:32]prayer uh due to unawareness then I will not be able to

[28:37]go back and make up what I missed however this is what

[28:44]this is the general principle or I say the general law and

[28:48]now we look into the details so he says he says if

[29:14]someone forgets the or forgets part of the until he performs Salam

[29:20]until he performs Salam he does the Salam when you complete your

[29:28]Salam what happens your Salat is done okay your salot is done

[29:32]let's go to the board to write a few points here beneficial

[29:36]points inshallah subhana waala all right so the first point we want

[30:22]to write is when B Salam is completed the prayer the Salah

[30:38]comes to an end okay when you say the Salam you complete

[30:56]your Salam for example you say this by the way is but

[31:05]one should it would be better to say it now I've completed

[31:13]my when the is complete the prayer is done which means that

[31:17]the we do after Salah they're not part of the prayer they're

[31:23]part of um is recommended so when you recite uh certain invocations

[31:35]or supplications after prayer that is what that is it's called so

[31:47]the after are part of they're not part of the prayer so

[32:00]we have a person we have is performing and he performs all

[32:10]the parts of perfectly but at the end of when he wants

[32:13]to do his he forgets the again due to unawareness he forgets

[32:18]it and he does the he finishes his hisam he says now

[32:26]he remembers that I did not do T right so nearly a

[32:36]few seconds after uh after the the the the Salam ends or

[32:41]a few seconds after he begins the Salam right he remembers that

[32:45]he did not perform T again when does that happen when he

[32:52]finishes his Salam here hisat will be valid but he will not

[32:55]be able to go back and performed why because he finished his

[33:07]son so let's write the following point when you can also call

[33:22]the or is completed person canot perform the Forgotten meaning he cannot

[33:52]go back and perform the Forgotten T the same applies if he

[33:57]forgot part of the not all of it you forgot part of

[34:02]it yes that's a very good question many people think that yes

[34:12]if you miss your Sal will become invalid but that's not the

[34:16]case though is but it's not a some people believe that it's

[34:26]a but that's not the case Okay is but so if you

[34:32]miss it out of unawareness due to unawareness then your Salat will

[34:36]be correct but again depending on uh when you remember that you

[34:45]missed the tah um sometimes you will have to go back and

[34:50]perform it and sometimes you just continue your prayer depending on when

[34:57]you remember and the example we gave s doesn't continue his prayer

[35:03]he ended his prayer said now he remembered when he said when

[35:10]he completed the he remembered I did not do the before the

[35:15]so here his Salat is valid but I can't say s is

[35:21]gonna continue his prayer his prayer is done he finished say says

[35:31]here he says he says that in this case um when he

[35:43]forgets to perform the and he remembers after the Salam is done

[35:48]his Salat will be correct but he will have to perform if

[35:54]he forgot sorry if he forgot all of the if he omitted

[36:00]all of the T due to unawareness then he will have to

[36:07]uh you will have to perform all right what happens if I

[36:24]forget the two SAS last two SAS of my prayer and I

[36:36]perform Salam meaning I end my prayer right because prayer ends with

[36:41]Salam I complete the Salam the prayer ended but I forgot a

[36:45]forgot to the two SAS the two last SAS of my Sal

[36:48]the two SAS of one of the last what happens here is

[36:55]say mentions he says so he says he mentions two scenarios he

[37:32]says if someone forgot the two SAS meaning the two sdas of

[37:38]the last and uh again he he did not perform those sdas

[37:46]due to unawareness and he did not remember that he missed the

[37:51]two sjas until he performed Salam here he says we have two

[37:54]scenarios the first one is the first scenario is this person performs

[38:08]a deed which nullifies the prayer meaning it invalidates the prayer whether

[38:18]it's done purposely or done due to unawareness if he remembers that

[38:30]he missed the two SAS of the last after he does Salam

[38:36]and after he performs a deed which nullifies the prayer in all

[38:40]cases when I say all cases we're talking about nullifying the prayer

[38:44]when done purposely and nullifying the prayer when done due to unawareness

[38:48]and in that case his Salat will be invalent okay these words

[38:55]are vague so let me explain what sayani means here we have

[39:00]to go to the chapter of so we go to meaning the

[39:17]invalidator of Prayer we can divide the invalidator of prayer into two

[39:37]categories I think you guys know what I mean when I say

[39:42]right no we're talking about Deeds that will make the Salat invalid

[39:49]you know when you pray you have to refrain from a set

[39:52]of Deeds there are a bunch of Deeds which will make the

[39:55]salot B one of them is talking with people one of them

[40:00]is crying over worldly issues okay for example I'm having a bad

[40:04]day and and I feel you know I feel bad as I'm

[40:10]praying I cry that invalidates the prayer one of them is laughing

[40:14]what we call in Arabic so someone laughs you know laughs out

[40:18]loud in his prayer okay haaha his prayer is what invalidated um

[40:25]turning away from the purposely also invalidates the prayer losing your W

[40:31]in the prayer before you finish invalidates the prayer so we have

[40:36]a bunch of uh inv validators of the prayer just as we

[40:40]have right when we fast we have 10 things that invalidate the

[40:47]fast we call them what correct four Salat you also have a

[40:53]set of Deeds that you have to refrain from when you are

[40:58]doing Salat if you do them in the Salat your prayer will

[41:05]be invalidated okay so these inv validators can be placed under two

[41:09]categories the first one is the Deeds which invalidate the prayer when

[41:33]they are done purpose the second category is and the Deeds which

[41:57]invalid the prayer when they are done purposely or do to un

[42:46]awareness okay so some of the some of the invalidator will invalidate

[42:56]the prayer when done purposely meaning if you do these inv validators

[43:01]out of out of due to unawareness your prayer will remain valid

[43:08]like what I'm not going to give you all the examples out

[43:12]there but I'll give you one example uh like uh speaking okay

[43:18]speaking we said when you reform Salat you can't talk with people

[43:23]if I'm performing Salat I can't tell my brother mean hey right

[43:33]you know right I can't talk to people as I'm performing my

[43:41]Salat yes there is a case of exception regarding a Salam when

[43:48]someone says to you in theah you must reply but there are

[43:52]details regarding how you reply okay for example someone tells youum your

[43:58]reply I'm not gonna get into the details right now but I

[44:03]just wanted to mention that point quickly nonetheless so talking for example

[44:11]yeah let's write that down example talking talking in the prayer talking

[44:22]y saying words that you're not supposed to say in the prayer

[44:26]that will invalidate the prayer when you do it purposely and if

[44:30]you're talking to Allah that's fine you can talk the whole prayer

[44:33]is about what is about talking to Allah subhana wa tala right

[44:38]so if you do Dua in the prayer that's fine even if

[44:40]you do it in or that's fine no problem if you mention

[44:48]Allah in the prayer you say Subhan Allah subh then you go

[44:59]on you know praising Allah that's fine that's fine because you're doing

[45:02]you're mentioning God subhanahu waala but if you talk to someone else

[45:07]for example in the prayer you say my brother I love you

[45:13]your prayer is invalidated becomes invalid if you do that purposely but

[45:19]if you do it out of unawareness due to unawareness you're doing

[45:22]Salah again you go into a state of unawareness so you tell

[45:26]your brother for example shut the door and you remember what did

[45:30]what did I say I'm in Salat I can't say such words

[45:33]in Salah here your Salat is still valid it's still valid the

[45:42]same applies if you if you're not talking with someone but you

[45:46]say a word that you're not supposed to say in the Sal

[45:49]okay you're doing your Salat and um as you're doing your Salat

[45:58]you think about let's say your friends and you talk you say

[46:01]should I go out with my friends tonight or no you're in

[46:04]the Salat if you if you say that word purposely in the

[46:06]Salat your Salat is voed but if you say it due to

[46:12]unawareness your Salat is valid so this is the first category the

[46:20]Deeds which invalidate the prayer when they are done purposely the other

[46:28]category is what the Deeds which en the prayer when they are

[46:32]done purposely or due to unawareness meaning they're going to invalidate the

[46:37]prayer whether you're doing those deeds purposely or no you're doing them

[46:42]due to unawareness one clear example of of of these Deeds is

[46:50]uh breaking your breaking [Music] your if someone breaks his woo or

[47:13]loses his purposely or du to in both cases his Salah will

[47:17]become invalid okay so suppose you're very tired you're exhausted you're super

[47:30]tired and you're doing Sal you go into and and out of

[47:36]sah out of due to unawareness you just sleep you fall asleep

[47:40]in okay here your salt is void because we know that sleep

[47:50]breaks your if you sleep to the point where you can't hear

[47:54]your surroundings anymore you get to that point of sleep your W

[47:59]will be broken and your Salat will be broken as well the

[48:03]same applies if someone purposely breaks his or her someone is performing

[48:10]Salah and they sleep purposely in the prayer then they wake up

[48:15]when they wake up they have to repeat their prayer because they

[48:19]broke their W yes there's one scenario perhaps that we can mention

[48:28]next week if we're still alive in regarding breaking your W which

[48:31]does not invalidate the prayer we can mention that next week insh

[48:38]but in general if someone breaks his or her wo or loses

[48:41]his or her wo purposely or due to unawareness his prayer or

[48:47]her prayer will be invalid yeah there's one case of exception perhaps

[48:51]we'll mention next week so we mentioned all this because we want

[48:58]to understand what mentions here and we'll conclude with this statement insh

[49:04]he says if someone forgets to perform the last two sdas of

[49:17]his prayer again he does not do those sjas due to unawareness

[49:23]okay and when he does the Salam he remembers remers I did

[49:30]not do the last two SAS here tells him look at yourself

[49:37]have you done any of the Deeds which invalidate the prayer when

[49:41]they are done purposely or due to unawareness if you have then

[49:50]your Salat is void and you have to repeat it so for

[49:53]example performs and at the end of he forgets the last two

[50:01]SAS then he sits down he performs and he performs then takes

[50:09]an out when he forgot the SAS he he he he missed

[50:13]SAS due to unawareness then he goes to sleep after he goes

[50:21]to sleep and he takes an NA for let's say 10 minutes

[50:23]he wakes up and he remembers I did not do the the

[50:28]last two SAS of even if the nap was short say he

[50:35]took a nap for not 10 minutes one minute 30 minutes uh

[50:37]sorry 30 seconds so half a minute he woke up you remember

[50:43]I did not perform the last two SAS in that case he

[50:51]has to repeat Sal because he did a deed which invalidates the

[50:54]prayer in all cases again I told told you when I say

[50:59]all cases we're talking about doing that de purposely or doing it

[51:02]due to unawareness so even if I suppose that khed remained seated

[51:08]okay he remained seated after his Salah and he was facing the

[51:15]Kaa he didn't talk to anyone but he slept as he was

[51:17]sitting down he slept such that he could not hear surroundings anymore

[51:23]then he remembered after he woke up that he had not done

[51:26]the two sjas of the last case his will be void and

[51:34]he has to repeat it one will will say what about if

[51:37]he did not do the Deeds any of the Deeds which invalidate

[51:43]the prayer when they are done purposely or due to unawareness what

[51:48]happens then we'll look at that next week inshallah

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Shia Jurisprudence- The 2nd case through which "fawaat alMa7al" takes place - Hamam Nassereddine

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Shia Jurisprudence- The 2nd case through which "fawaat alMa7al" takes place - Hamam Nassereddine

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