Did the Prophets Sin? - Sayed Saleh Qazwini - Thursday Night

9 Bekeken· 22/12/16

MECCA Media
abonnees

Laat meer zien

Transcript

[0:00]foreign foreign respected brothers and sisters when we meet of Hadith and

[0:54]literature that is describing the prophets and the prophets of God we

[1:06]see that there is inconsistency in the message we see from one

[1:15]aspect the Quran describes the prophets as The Messengers of God and

[1:21]those who speak on behalf of Allah anything the prophet utters anything

[1:35]the prophet says this is from God and the prophets are Russell

[1:41]and they do not lie they do not cheat they do not

[1:44]break their Covenant and oath with Allah because their order to deliver

[1:51]a message and God has sent them to deliver this message this

[1:55]is one dimension and then when you look at the Hadith and

[1:58]the understanding that some have of the Quran you see that the

[2:06]prophets were individuals that make mistakes they were individuals that get angry

[2:10]and they do irrational things it is mentioned in the non-shia books

[2:20]ways describing for example as one day the prophet he was walking

[2:26]with his companions and then he stepped aside and he was standing

[2:31]and urinating in front of the Muslims or Prophet Musa the angel

[2:36]of death comes to take his soul and Prophet Musa gets angry

[2:42]why is the Angel of Death coming to take his soul so

[2:46]he makes a fist and he punches him in the face he

[2:50]knocks out the eyes of the medical Motes the angel of death

[2:53]or Prophet Salaam he gets drunk and he falls asleep and he

[3:02]gets drunk and his his Aura his body parts are showing and

[3:04]his sons they start laughing at him this is this is the

[3:10]literature that you see describing rasulullah and describing the prophets in the

[3:16]non-shea books and here this is where we disagree with the other

[3:22]Muslims in the view that the prophets and anyone who is appointed

[3:31]by Allah is inerrant is infallible masum meaning that the one who

[3:41]God has sent the one who is speaking on behalf of God

[3:43]does not and should not do anything that goes against the message

[3:51]that God sent this person to deliver otherwise then the message will

[3:58]be inconsistent the message will be compromised if the messenger is not

[4:03]delivering the message correctly then that means the one who sent the

[4:08]message and the one who sent the messenger does not have knowledge

[4:11]that this one is going to make a mistake and mislead people

[4:14]and here one of the main beliefs of the Shia of the

[4:19]imamiya school of thought the school of thought that follows the imams

[4:25]of the Imam Hassan Imam Hussain and we take our faith our

[4:31]aqida and our firk from the imams of the from Imam al-bakar

[4:38]we believe that anyone who was sent by God this person must

[4:46]be a masum this person must be inerrant this person does not

[4:50]and should not make mistakes that go against the message that Allah

[4:57]sent them to deliver here the Muslims the non-shia Muslims they'll tell

[5:05]you that the prophets they are masum but only when they are

[5:09]delivering the message meaning rasulullah does not make a mistake only when

[5:14]he's reading the Quran to the Muslims but when his home in

[5:20]his private life and with his wives with his family and his

[5:24]private matters sometimes he forgets sometimes he makes mistakes sometimes he does

[5:31]things that are not human or some things that are not appropriate

[5:35]for a normal human being to do and then you come and

[5:39]you tell them why do you say this about rasulullah they say

[5:42]oh because the Quran says I'm a human being just like you

[5:46]yes we believe is a human being and all of the prophets

[5:52]are human meaning that they die meaning that they don't live forever

[5:59]meaning that they get injured they get hurt but in terms of

[6:02]in terms of Morality In terms of Ethics we believe that the

[6:05]prophets they have to be inerrant not only someone who does not

[6:12]do mistakes but someone who's the best role model for several reasons

[6:16]first as a logical reason why do we believe in this because

[6:22]our akal tells us that the one who God sent has to

[6:29]be someone who speaks on behalf of God if someone is speaking

[6:32]on behalf of God and makes mistakes and errors and then I

[6:36]could go and make a mistake and error and I could say

[6:38]look your pro the prophets they did these mistakes why why is

[6:41]God holding me accountable we believe that Allah we will believe that

[6:49]Allah is just so if Allah has just how could he send

[6:55]a prophet that does immoral and unethical things and then he holds

[6:59]me accountable and he will throw me in hell if I do

[7:01]those same immoral and unethical things does that make sense does it

[7:08]make sense this is why we believe that Allah for a logical

[7:14]reason all of the prophets and Messengers that were sent by God

[7:19]they have to be inerrant they have to be masum and this

[7:24]is another issue that we also disagree with the non-shia school of

[7:27]thought is that we believe that all anyone who speaks on behalf

[7:35]of God must be appointed by Allah the leader the prophet or

[7:42]the Khalifa of the Prophet the one who comes after The Prophet

[7:45]must be appointed by Allah meaning that whoever speaks on behalf of

[7:56]God must be appointed by Allah and there is a criteria there

[8:04]are certain things conditions that have to apply to this individual one

[8:08]of them is that this person must be masum and the reason

[8:13]is a logical reason right now if you have a teacher at

[8:17]school the teacher is teaching the students and the teacher keeps making

[8:23]a mistake keeps making a mistake while teaching the students and then

[8:26]the students they go they fill out the test and they make

[8:31]a mistake would it be fair for the teacher to mark them

[8:33]down because they made a mistake when the teacher made mistakes in

[8:36]front of them it's not fair we believe that Allah is and

[8:43]therefore these narrations and any type of understanding that would make us

[8:52]understand and believe that the prophets make more immoral mistakes make things

[9:01]that are wrong we do not believe them in fact he would

[9:06]hold himself to the highest of Standards I've mentioned this before one

[9:11]day a man comes to rasulullah and he tells him my son

[9:17]is eating too much dates can you talk to my son because

[9:22]he's eating too much dates rasulullah told the man come tomorrow and

[9:25]I will talk to your son so the man he brings his

[9:29]son the next day and rasulullah talks to him he tells him

[9:31]anything even if it's something that's very healthy for you you have

[9:36]too much of it it's going to be harmful this is a

[9:38]general rule rasulullah tells him don't have too much it's going to

[9:44]hurt you the young child he said okay and he goes so

[9:46]the man he tells rasulullah it was so easy for you why

[9:50]did you tell me come back tomorrow when you could have just

[9:52]said the same thing yesterday that's what Allah told him because yesterday

[9:55]I ate dates and I don't want to be someone who sends

[10:01]a conflicting message if I'm doing something I can't tell someone not

[10:04]to do it you order people to do good and you forget

[10:11]about yourself so this is how our belief should be in rasulallah

[10:16]but unfortunately within the Muslims there are some that draw a picture

[10:21]of Allah that is inconsistent with the way the Quran wants us

[10:28]to believe in him one day one of the Muslims and shows

[10:33]you how this sahaba some of them they used to disrespect the

[10:36]prophets one day one of them he came and he told the

[10:41]prophet you stole my mule there was the mule of the man

[10:44]it went away or something he accused rasulullah and it was it

[10:48]was something that belonged to the prophet he came and he said

[10:50]this is mine he's a prophet of God he's being accused so

[10:58]he comes to the Muslims and they say bring Witnesses if someone

[11:04]is making a claim you're saying this is yours you need to

[11:10]bring Witnesses where are your Witnesses Allah did not have any Witnesses

[11:14]one of the companions one of the companions by the name of

[11:18]Jose he became known as the shahad detain he was killed Within

[11:26]foreign did you did you see rasulullah he tells rasulullah I didn't

[11:43]see but I believe you when you're telling me about the heavens

[11:49]and the Hellfire and Allah and the Quran you expect me not

[11:52]to believe you over a mule of course I'm going to believe

[11:55]you over these things so this is what our belief should be

[12:00]the first reason is a logical reason it doesn't make sense to

[12:04]believe that the prophet in his private life he makes mistakes he

[12:07]does errors and in his public life in front of people he

[12:14]does not make mistakes the prophet is either everything that he says

[12:18]is from God or he is a person who makes mistakes what

[12:21]is the quranic proof we believe that there is proof in the

[12:28]Quran Allah says in the Quran first of all the verse that

[12:32]I mentioned anything that he says anything that he does is a

[12:39]why from Allah it's a revelation from God second the verse of

[12:45]Ibrahim was put Ibrahim in a series of tests one test after

[13:01]another after another until Ibrahim becomes an Imam imams are not only

[13:06]the 12 imams that we have imams means leader rasulullah Imam as

[13:10]well he says what about from my progeny Ibrahim says what about

[13:22]my progeny can they have this position of Imam Allah tells him

[13:30]the oppressor does not become an Imam the volume does not become

[13:39]a does not become a spokesperson for God who's of is someone

[13:43]who has oppressed others this is obviously someone who has oppressed God

[13:48]by doing shirk by associating a partner with Allah subhanahu ta'ala and

[13:54]someone who has sinned by oppressing themselves you're hurting yourself when you're

[13:59]sinning you become so now go and look at the prophets that

[14:07]they ever was any of the prophets an idol worshiper before they

[14:10]became a prophet of God never Ibrahim was never an idol worshiper

[14:14]rasulullah was never Musa none of the prophets they never did that

[14:21]and the same applies to the imams of was an idol worshiper

[14:25]before he became before he joined Islam of course not this is

[14:29]why even today even the non-shia when they mentioned the name of

[14:36]Imam Ali what do they say they say this is said only

[14:40]about Imam Ali they say God blessed his face why because his

[14:46]face was the only face out of the sahaba that did not

[14:51]do sujutan Idol there were others that were for 30 and 40

[14:56]years doing sujuta and Idol and then they come and they say

[14:59]I'm the Khalifa of the Khalifa of rasulullah whereas and the imams

[15:06]of the United States they only worshiped Allah does not be the

[15:15]spokesperson of Allah another proof in the Quran Allah says you have

[15:28]the best example does Allah only want me to take rasulullah as

[15:32]a role model as an example when it comes to my Salah

[15:37]and zakatan Hajj no Allah wants me to take rasulullah as a

[15:40]role model an example in terms of family in terms of business

[15:45]in terms of relationships in terms of everything but today you find

[15:49]some Muslims they become upset when there's non-muslims drawing cartoons about rasulullah

[15:56]and non-muslims saying and writing things about the prophet we should be

[16:01]more upset with what the Muslims have said about the prophets where

[16:04]did Salman get his book from you think he went and he

[16:09]made it up no he went he found this Hadith in the

[16:12]books of the Muslims and then the Muslims they get upset at

[16:16]others these narrations that attribute certain things these are found in the

[16:26]books of the Muslims and this is why we need to be

[16:28]very careful when it comes to Hadith this is why we say

[16:32]I only take my Iman and my Islam and my religion from

[16:35]because that is the pure version of the story that comes to

[16:41]me while the others they have been fabricated while the others they

[16:45]are inconsistent with the real message of the Quran and the message

[16:48]of the Sunnah of rasulullah now my dear brothers and sisters what

[16:54]does asma mean when we say the prophets when we say the

[17:00]imams of the alibate when we say those who are chosen by

[17:04]God their masum what does it mean does it mean that they

[17:08]are forced God forces rasulullah to not make a mistake someone tells

[17:13]me I can't be like rasulullah I can't be like them they're

[17:16]forced they were born like this and I could never be like

[17:22]that so why should that be an example for me the answer

[17:24]is no we don't believe in Jabra if God forces anyone to

[17:30]do anything then that means what's the value of what they're doing

[17:33]why would Allah reward a person Allah forced this person Allah forced

[17:38]Imam and Hussein to be Imam and Hussain and then he takes

[17:40]him in heaven and he forced yazid to be yazid and then

[17:44]he throws him in the Hell Fire is this Justice this is

[17:46]not Justice this is why we in the school of the Elizabeth

[17:50]also in the school of imamiya from Imam is there is their

[17:58]predestination or is it free will he answers he says it's not

[18:06]full predestination it's not full free will it's something in between there

[18:10]are certain things that are not in my control I didn't choose

[18:12]who my parents are I didn't choose when I was born I

[18:16]didn't choose in what community and what race what nationality but I

[18:18]chose to come to the Masjid but I chose to pray but

[18:22]I chose to be a believer but I chose to do good

[18:26]and I chose to do bad foreign Allah sent you prophets and

[18:32]Messengers you make the decision at the end of the day and

[18:37]same with the prophets the prophets were not forced to be masum

[18:41]but what is it that made the masum it is that their

[18:47]faith and their Iman became so high because their knowledge so high

[18:52]your knowledge your faith is associated with your knowledge the more knowledge

[18:58]you have the more madifa I'm not talking about knowledge meaning I

[19:02]memorized the textbook I'm talking about someone who's an open-hearted open-minded person

[19:09]someone who's able to make real rational decisions today there are people

[19:14]with phds but they still don't know about God and they don't

[19:16]know about these simple issues no we're talking about someone who has

[19:20]the Marfa and the prophets they had the Marfa because they saw

[19:26]the reality they saw the burhanuri Ibrahimovic Allah says we showed Ibrahim

[19:37]the signs where did Ibrahim have to look to find the signs

[19:40]of God Rahim looked at the sky something that we see every

[19:44]day he looked at the stars he looked at the Moon he

[19:46]looked at the Sun and he discovered God and he discovered the

[19:49]truth and this is a path for all of us you don't

[19:54]need to be someone so special to find the truth so when

[20:01]you have the knowledge then you see the consequences of your actions

[20:06]right now we all have some sort of asthma every single one

[20:13]of us we have some sort of asthma what is immunity there

[20:19]are certain things that we do not do for example do you

[20:22]find a sane person going and taking poison and drinking it no

[20:26]why because you know you see that you see the direct harm

[20:32]of drinking poison do you see a sane person going and hurting

[20:35]themselves no because you see the direct harm of it but when

[20:40]I go and I sin when I look at Haram when I

[20:44]listen to Haram when I drink when I say something Haram I

[20:48]do it because I don't see the direct harm but the prophets

[20:52]they see the direct harm and danger of everything that they do

[20:56]this is why they do not do it and Allah says in

[21:00]the Quran if you have what are you going to do if

[21:09]you have you're going to see him in front of you you're

[21:13]going to see the Hellfire in front of you if you see

[21:16]the Hellfire in front of you are you going to do anything

[21:20]wrong you're not going to do anything wrong so the prophets of

[21:23]Allah they have the highest knowledge which brought them to the highest

[21:27]maratha and the highest yet in certainty in God that certainty stops

[21:32]them from doing anything wrong and that is the asthma that is

[21:39]infallibility and does the prophet does Allah have knowledge yes all the

[21:43]prophets Allah gave rasulullah the knowledge and the prophets Allah gave them

[22:02]the knowledge and because they have the knowledge therefore they have the

[22:08]Asma so now we move on to another issue someone tells me

[22:10]okay this is nice you brought me logic you brought me verses

[22:13]in the Quran it makes sense now come and tell me the

[22:20]Quran is clear Adam disobeyed God or use of Allah says in

[22:26]the Quran what do you say about all these stories of prophets

[22:35]Musa kills a person and he escapes Adam eats from the tree

[22:40]user all of the prophets there are certain things that are mentioned

[22:44]in the Quran that if someone were to take it for face

[22:47]value if someone were to just take it as a parent without

[22:51]the proper tapsir you would probably get the impression that they did

[22:55]something wrong so what do we say about this we say that

[23:01]the prophets of Allah are protected and Allah has protected them shaytan

[23:10]he himself says he says I'm going to be able to fool

[23:24]all all of the humans except I won't be able to reach

[23:27]them shaytan is admitting that he cannot come to the prophets he

[23:33]cannot come to them and yes shaytan is unable to make the

[23:38]prophet sin shaytan is unable to make the prophets do something that

[23:45]brings them away from Allah because God appointed them and when God

[23:49]appointed them God knew that they are going to be the messengers

[23:51]of God if they're going to sin then they're going to be

[23:56]bad examples bad role models for others so here for example in

[24:04]his and the Imam he explains all of this about the infallibility

[24:16]of the imams and the infallibility of the prophets so for example

[24:24]about Adam yes Adam did eat from the tree but where did

[24:27]Adam eat from the tree was he on earth when he ate

[24:32]from the tree he wasn't on Earth on Earth is where the

[24:34]Halal and Haram is Adam was in a heaven he was in

[24:39]a place where there was no Halal or Haram yet there were

[24:44]no orders yet yes Allah tells him o Adam if you want

[24:49]to stay here in this comfortable place then don't eat from the

[24:52]tree if you eat from the tree you go to Earth it's

[24:56]not a sin it's just like they say meaning that it's an

[25:03]advice it's an advice from Allah where Allah tells him if you

[25:12]want to stay comfortable then don't eat from the truth but if

[25:16]you eat from the tree then you're going to go down to

[25:18]earth just like a doctor would tell someone if you want to

[25:22]live a comfortable life don't smoke if you smoke you're going to

[25:25]have bad health and that's going to that's going to be bad

[25:27]for your life later on you're going to suffer as a result

[25:34]of it so here is the same the order was what is

[25:40]meaning that meaning that Allah is giving him an admonishment Allah is

[25:48]not telling him this is Haram if you eat from the tree

[25:50]he was not even in a place of Halal and Haram to

[25:55]to fall in that same with Prophet Yusuf alaihissalam much some people

[26:04]they come and they say Yusuf he also felt attracted to zulekha

[26:11]but Allah says she fell for him and he fell for her

[26:17]if he had not seen the burhan of his Lord if he

[26:22]had not had the knowledge meaning that the situation for Prophet Yusuf

[26:25]was so difficult that if it was a person who did not

[26:29]have that strong Iman and strong immunity they would have fallen for

[26:33]it but Allah says but he had the burhan he had the

[26:39]proof he had the signs he had the Iman from his Lord

[26:42]that protected him from falling in the Haram so here is where

[26:49]what Scholars refer to some of the prophets they don't do the

[26:52]Haram they don't do the sin but they do something that is

[26:55]called tarkila means there's the best and then there's something that's good

[27:04]I want you to do the best because Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala

[27:12]has the highest expectations from the prophets Allah wants the prophets to

[27:18]be at the best because they are the prophets they are appointed

[27:23]by Allah but if you did not get an A plus for

[27:26]example and you got an A you still pass right even though

[27:31]if you ask a middle eastern parent getting a minus or a

[27:35]B they're going to be like no b stands for bad you

[27:39]don't want to get a B so but it's still passing it's

[27:43]still passing so this is the same with the prophets the prophets

[27:47]yes not all prophets are at the same level there is the

[27:53]highest ranking of the prophets like rasulullah there are other prophets that

[27:57]did not do what is the best but they did not do

[28:03]something Haram as well and here this is where we come to

[28:11]the belief that Allah has the highest expectations from the prophets of

[28:15]Allah this is why God scolds them sometimes why did Allah scold

[28:21]Adam Adam why did you eat from the tree why did you

[28:23]do this why did you do that because Allah has the best

[28:29]expectation right now if you have your son or your daughter they

[28:31]always get a plus a plus a plus a plus then one

[28:35]day they got an A minus what are you going to tell

[28:40]them don't tell them why I expect the best from you because

[28:43]you are a Plus student I expect you to always get an

[28:47]A plus you got an A minus why did you get an

[28:51]A minus I expect you to be the best I expect you

[28:53]to always shine I expect this is how Allah speaks to the

[28:58]prophets and this is why Allah says in the Quran foreign do

[29:08]this because Allah wants to tell other people not to make a

[29:18]mistake and there's a there's a it's called the the good of

[29:25]the normal people it's not good for the really high people the

[29:28]real high-ranking people someone who for example doesn't pray they come and

[29:34]they started praying they're very happy with their with their self with

[29:38]what they've achieved but someone who prays Salah every night one day

[29:42]they missed Salat they're going to wake up feeling that guilt they're

[29:46]going to wake up feeling that shame why did I miss Salah

[29:49]I needed why like I could have just gotten up a little

[29:55]bit earlier that guilt that is what Allah wants the people that

[29:59]have the highest Iman to feel so that you always feel you're

[30:02]getting closer to Allah another reason my dear brothers and sisters sometimes

[30:09]Allah scold some people not because that person is doing something wrong

[30:13]but because I want other people to hear there's a there's a

[30:19]method uh a statement that is said in the Arabic language it

[30:24]says Jara I'm talking to you but I want the neighbors to

[30:32]hear the husband he's yelling at his wife so that the neighbor's

[30:35]wife could hear it or or you know something like I'm talking

[30:39]to you listen oh neighbor why do you yell I want to

[30:46]sleep this is so that they stop yelling so that they so

[30:48]that they could you know listen to what you're trying to say

[30:53]so sometimes you have to sculpt someone else this is exactly how

[30:59]it works and we have revealed To You O rasulullah and to

[31:12]the prophets before you if you do shirk all of your good

[31:16]deeds are going to be erased God knows Allah knows that rasulullah

[31:23]is not going to do shirk but who does Allah want to

[31:26]hear this us and the sahaba and the Muslims so that we

[31:32]say this great prophet if he does something wrong all of his

[31:35]deeds are going to be erased what about me I don't have

[31:41]enough Good Deeds so this is the same now and this is

[31:46]a lot of the verses in the Quran Imam sadak said this

[31:49]a lot of the verses in the Quran they came down with

[31:51]this message I'm talking to you but I want someone else to

[31:57]hear now what about the infallibility of the imams we mentioned the

[32:01]infallibility of the prophets what does infallibility mean the logical and the

[32:06]quranic proof of infallibility what's the infallibility of the Imam the imams

[32:10]and the imagen the Adler bait foreign Ahmad one can we get

[32:26]a louder I hope I'm not putting you guys to sleep so

[32:35]now Allah clearly says in the Quran all evil all filth is

[32:49]removed from the from them and they are purified accepted by Muslims

[33:00]I'm leaving behind and then the prophet says they shall never separate

[33:17]from one another until they come at the house at the pond

[33:21]of the Quran let me ask the Muslims is the Quran a

[33:25]pure infallible book all Muslims say the Quran is perfect book so

[33:29]if the island and the Quran they shall never separate from one

[33:34]another they are parallel to one another what does this mean this

[33:38]means are also perfect until they both come to the house together

[33:46]and we mentioned last week about Fatima and Allah God is angered

[33:53]by the anger of Fatima and God is Satisfied by the satisfaction

[33:56]of Fatima if she was a person whose emotion Al foreign if

[34:09]she was a person who was emotional and irrational then why would

[34:15]then that means she would make a mistake and God's satisfaction would

[34:21]not be also with her satisfaction Ali is with the truth and

[34:29]the truth is with Ali these are all narrations that rasulullah has

[34:33]said about so we believe that they are infallible finally when we

[34:40]read the verse when we read the duas of the when we

[34:43]read the dais of and I did all of this someone could

[34:51]come and tell me Imam Ali he is saying I did wrong

[34:56]I did this I did this I did this the Imam is

[35:00]saying in his Dua he's admitting that he did something wrong how

[35:05]do you see as you come and say the imams they never

[35:07]do something wrong here Scholars they've given three reasons for this the

[35:11]first is that the Imam is teaching us how to speak to

[35:17]Allah he's teaching us and we're being taught how to have a

[35:21]conversation with Allah we are the slave and Allah Allah is the

[35:27]Lord so this is how the Dynamics of the relationship should be

[35:32]second the imams of the Elizabeth they always feel that they have

[35:38]shortcomings with Allah you always feel that you have not done enough

[35:41]you always feel that you haven't prayed enough you haven't fasted enough

[35:44]the moment you feel I've done enough then that means there's a

[35:49]problem the higher your Iman is you should always feel that you

[35:52]have not done enough so the imams of the admit they're teaching

[35:54]us that I always feel that I have done wrong because I

[35:58]have not appreciated God I have not prayed to God enough and

[36:00]the third reason is that when the Imam is saying I did

[36:06]wrong and I did this and I did that he's not talking

[36:11]about himself who's he talking about he's talking about us the Imam

[36:16]is doing for us the Imam just like a teacher the teacher

[36:23]or a parent if you're if your son went and broke the

[36:26]neighbor's window their son is a child doesn't understand who's going to

[36:30]go and apologize to the neighbors you're going to go and apologize

[36:35]to the neighbors as the parents same here the Imam feels responsible

[36:39]for us so he's asking Allah to forgive us when he is

[36:44]speaking to Allah in this way this and this and that he's

[36:56]saying Allah forgive my people this is so this is um a

[37:06]short lesson on asthma on the infallibility of the prophets and the

[37:10]imams Allah let us stand and say send our salaams to the

[37:52]imams foreign [Music] [Applause] [Music] foreign [Music]

0 Comments

Volgende

Did the Prophets Sin? - Sayed Saleh Qazwini - Thursday Night

Transcript

Volgende

Ontdek meer

Houd er rekening mee dat als u jonger bent dan 18 jaar, u geen toegang kunt krijgen tot deze site.

Volgende

Did the Prophets Sin? - Sayed Saleh Qazwini - Thursday Night

Transcript

Volgende

Ontdek meer

Kies een betaal methode

Taal