2- Tafsir Surat YaSeen (Verses 1-10) - Sayed Saleh Qazwini

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[0:14]foreign is [Music] we will be continuing the tafsir or beginning the

[1:01]tafsir of surat yasin in the previous session last week we talked

[1:06]about the merits and the benefits and how important it is to

[1:14]recite suratiyasi in chapter 36 in the quran and we mentioned how

[1:18]according to the hadith of rasulallah it is considered to be the

[1:23]heart of the quran and this is because of the message that

[1:26]surat hassin sends to the reader is a very important message which

[1:34]is a representation of the whole message of the quran so in

[1:40]sha'a tonight we will begin with the analysis of the verses and

[1:44]a commentary a brief commentary on the verses of this beautiful surah

[1:50]in the quran is a meccan surah a surah that was revealed

[1:58]in mecca and one of the ways where we know a surah

[2:03]is revealed in mecca one of the ways is that the surah

[2:08]focuses on the beliefs and the ideology and it tries to push

[2:15]people to believe in the messengerhood of rasulullah and believe in the

[2:21]quran so this surah like 28 surahs in the quran begins with

[2:26]letters several surahs begins begin with letters this surah it begins with

[2:49]two letters in the arabic alphabet there are many interpretations scholars of

[2:58]tafsir they have given many interpretations as to what these letters possibly

[3:05]mean some have listed a long list of possible explanations what are

[3:08]these letters what do they mean one important interpretation that is commonly

[3:15]accepted is that allah subhanahu wa ta'ala speaking to the arabs in

[3:19]their own language in the arabic language because the quran was revealed

[3:23]to the arabs of quraish the arabs of mecca so the quran

[3:28]before mentioning the verses in the quran allah mentions some of the

[3:34]letters why to tell them that these are your letters we are

[3:39]speaking to you with your own language you can't come and say

[3:41]i don't understand what this is this is your language and the

[3:46]quran is showing the arabs that the quran and rasulullah is better

[3:52]able to communicate using the language of the arabs than the arabs

[3:55]themselves because as we've mentioned before that the arabs were very proud

[4:00]of their poetic language now the quran suddenly comes and it's a

[4:05]miracle they can't come and repeat anything similar to it so ya

[4:13]seen or kaf ya ain's to show them that these are your

[4:18]letters and we are mentioning and using your letters to speak with

[4:23]you another possible interpretation is that this is a code a code

[4:27]that allah five letters according to the imam the imam says kaff

[4:46]represents karbala ha represents meaning the suffering ya represen stands for yazid

[4:53]ayn represents atash thirst and saad represents sabre patience this is one

[5:03]possible interpretation now it could have several interpretations this is one hadith

[5:07]that we have from the imam the point is to say that

[5:10]some of these letters they stand for certain meanings that the imams

[5:16]and the prophet they explain to us as for yasin it could

[5:24]be just letters ya seen just random letters but the quran allah

[5:27]does not just use a random letter allah does not do anything

[5:31]randomly or anything out of for no reason everything every single letter

[5:37]every single word in the quran every single dialect is measured by

[5:42]allah subhana wa ta'ala because we when we don't know we do

[5:48]things randomly sometimes things that have no meaning but allah subhanahu wa

[5:51]ta'ala everything is measured because allah is the most knowledgeable so one

[5:57]is ya seen some say we don't know what it is we

[6:01]have other hadith from the imams of the albeit they say that

[6:06]ya seen refers to the name of rasulullah it means oh means

[6:13]it's a har nada you're calling upon someone o and rasulullah his

[6:21]name is seen ya seen o rasulullah muhammad it's as if the

[6:28]quran is saying muhammad so this is one of the possible interpretations

[6:32]of what yasin means another opinion says yah is calling and sin

[6:42]stands for insane human oh human however some scholars they say that

[6:50]the possibility that this is referring to rasulallah and speaking to rasulallah

[6:54]is greater because the following verses telling the prophet you are from

[7:04]amongst the messengers so here the quran is telling rasulallah you are

[7:10]from the messengers so the major opinion is that yasin is referring

[7:18]to rasulullah and it is the name of rasulallah so yes the

[7:26]following verse the second verse and i encourage those who are following

[7:29]along to read from the quran this is in page 440 of

[7:34]the quran chapter 36 surat yasin while quran quran allah is doing

[7:44]an oath by the quran now there the oath allah several times

[7:50]in the quran you see several many of the surahs in the

[8:01]quran begins with a qasem begins with an oath what's the value

[8:03]of an oath why does allah subhanahu wa ta'ala do oaths in

[8:08]the quran one is that allah is sending a very important message

[8:13]so sometimes to catch the attention of the reader allah does a

[8:16]question because this is a very important message so here ya seen

[8:25]quran i swear by the quran the wise quran or sometimes allah

[8:30]says allah by some of the cosmos signs of allah subhanahu ta'ala

[8:36]by the dawn and by the night and by the and by

[8:39]the moon and by the stars and by the sun and all

[8:43]of the creation of allah because allah is sending a very important

[8:48]message second is to to glorify some of the signs of allah

[8:54]when allah this means that this quran is such a valuable book

[8:59]and such a valuable message that allah does a question using this

[9:04]quran and the signs of allah when by the sun the sun

[9:13]is a creation of allah we are in need of the sun

[9:16]allah is doing in uh an oath by the moon by the

[9:21]stars by the night by the creation of allah subhanahu wa'ta'ala so

[9:26]this is the qasim and then allah describes the quran as the

[9:32]wise book usually when we refer to something as wise or someone

[9:39]as wise it's usually a human being or someone who's understanding someone

[9:43]who has is aware someone who has a consciousness we refer to

[9:49]them as wise you don't usually refer to a book as a

[9:55]wise book you we usually refer to people as wise however allah

[9:58]subhanahu wa ta'ala is telling us that this quran is alive this

[10:02]quran is a aware this quran is a living book and it's

[10:08]a message from allah subhanahu ta'ala speaking to us and if we

[10:13]treat it as a wise book then it will be able to

[10:17]guide us we will allow it to guide us in our everyday

[10:21]life so allah says in the quran quran and by the quran

[10:28]the wise quran what is allah trying to say what is all

[10:30]this qasim question by this holy book the whole point of the

[10:41]oath and the whole point of the letters is to tell rasulallah

[10:54]and you are on a straight path why does allah subhanahu ta'ala

[11:01]tell rasulullah that he is from amongst the messengers this is to

[11:07]remind rasulallah this is to comfort rasulallah that if you are facing

[11:13]challenges if you're facing difficulties if you have enemies other profits before

[11:18]you they face the same challenges so be patient like the previous

[11:21]messengers you will face difficulties and challenges like the previous messengers before

[11:28]you and you are supported by allah just as the previous messengers

[11:34]they were supported by allah and then allah you are on the

[11:44]straight path if you're on the right path then don't worry if

[11:48]the whole world stand against you don't worry if you have enemies

[11:51]rasulallah for 13 years he was calling people in mecca a handful

[11:58]of people believed and a small number of people believed in rasulallah

[12:03]don't look at islam as the fastest growing religion today and think

[12:07]that it was very easy for rasulullah in fact it was very

[12:13]difficult for rasulallah and rasulullah needed to be comforted this is why

[12:17]the quran and allah would comfort rasulallah anytime some of the verses

[12:21]would be revealed it would comfort rasulallah you are on a straight

[12:30]path don't let the disbelievers distract you from your goal and your

[12:36]mission and rasulallah he was firm he was strong nothing broke the

[12:40]prophet nothing stopped him and he says he says if they give

[12:45]me the moon and the sun so that i stop this message

[12:49]i will not stop it because he was steadfast in his belief

[12:54]and he was firm and nothing was able to shake rasulallah now

[12:59]one very important question allah is telling rasulallah you are on a

[13:07]straight path as a person who's reading the quran today how do

[13:14]i know that rasulallah was on a straight path just because allah

[13:18]does a qasam just because god does an oath is that enough

[13:23]for me to believe that was on the straight path today some

[13:28]people they ask this question how do i know just because the

[13:33]quran does an oath any book could do an oath and i

[13:36]be uh saying something how is that sufficient enough for me to

[13:40]believe one my dear brothers and sisters is that we should not

[13:45]take the oaths of allah lightly allah when when i do when

[13:49]people do an oath they do an oath they cannot guarantee that

[13:54]they're going to keep their promises they cannot guarantee that they can

[13:58]keep their word but allah is telling you by the sun that

[14:03]i created that you are in need of every day i'm telling

[14:07]you that this is the truth by the moon by the stars

[14:09]by the creation of allah subhanahu wa ta'ala so we should not

[14:12]take the oaths of allah lightly because allah is the creator who

[14:16]was able to deliver the sun and the moon and the stars

[14:20]and all of the creation for us that same creator is telling

[14:24]us something that is a very important message so we should not

[14:28]take the oaths of allah lightly god is the one who structured

[14:31]this universe and created it and nourished and provided allah is the

[14:36]one who's telling us something we do not take that lightly yes

[14:39]if someone who does not create the sun on the moon and

[14:43]the stars and zakasana maybe this qasam is not taken seriously but

[14:48]when god who is the creator then it should be taken seriously

[14:54]second my dear brothers and sisters when allah says about rasulallah this

[15:03]is allah entrusting us the reader of the quran to judge between

[15:08]right and wrong and allah subhanahu wa ta'ala has given every single

[15:14]one of us every single creation the ability to judge between right

[15:19]and wrong every single of the humans the intellectual beings of allah

[15:25]wa ta'ala allah has given us the fitrah that innate consciousness where

[15:30]we are able to tell between oppression and justice and cheating and

[15:38]being fair and right and wrong we all know that you don't

[15:41]need to religion doesn't come and teach us what right is and

[15:44]what wrong is religion just comes and tells us follow the right

[15:49]path what is right and what is wrong is already internalized within

[15:52]uh within our dna then the way allah subhanahu wa ta'ala created

[15:58]us any person you don't need to be a religious or a

[16:02]non-religious person anyone will know that abusing and oppressing people is wrong

[16:06]we all know that we are created with that so rasool allah

[16:13]although the people during his time they had not received a prophet

[16:18]before rasulullah but they knew that rasulullah was a good person no

[16:21]one even those who did not believe in rasulullah no one came

[16:26]and said he was a bad person they used to call rasulullah

[16:30]i mean the truthful and the trustworthy and those were those were

[16:34]virtues those were traits that are good that even the non-believers they

[16:40]they saw in rasulullah that those were good traits so rasulallah had

[16:45]good qualities you're on the straight path and people even though they

[16:49]don't believe in your message even though they don't like your message

[16:52]because it's uncomfortable for them but they know that you're on the

[16:57]right path they know that what you're saying is the truth rasulullah

[17:04]before his messengerhood he was known as an honest person a trustworthy

[17:09]person he never cheated he never fooled anyone he never abused anyone

[17:12]his transactions his business his marriage and everything he was very morally

[17:21]upright and even after even after he was delivering the message never

[17:27]strayed away from morality and justice and virtues even though he was

[17:34]a ruler he did not take advantage of people like we have

[17:35]rulers today we have a president today that takes advantage of people

[17:41]that takes advantage of the weak that separates people rasulullah did not

[17:44]do that rasulallah united people rasulullah brought people into what they have

[17:50]as a in what they share in common rasulallah did not send

[17:54]people to war and tell them go and fight if rasool allah

[17:58]went out to war it was a defensive war and rasulallah he

[18:03]was on the front lines he would always be there he didn't

[18:08]just send people he didn't take advantage of people he practiced what

[18:11]he preached and this is a very key element to a successful

[18:16]leader a leader who does not practice what he preaches or she

[18:20]preaches then this person is not worthy of being a leader and

[18:24]people should not follow this person blindly was a morally upright person

[18:29]he used to practice what he preaches this is why we believe

[18:33]it when allah says in the quran because the quran is doing

[18:42]but because the history and the life of the prophet shows us

[18:45]that he was a morally upright person now tenzi lalaziz the quran

[19:04]has been revealed from the aziz the glorious the one who has

[19:10]all of the glory and the merciful meaning that o people this

[19:18]is the message of rasulallah who is on the straight path and

[19:23]the quran has been revealed from the aziz from the one who

[19:29]has all of the glory and at the same time the one

[19:32]who is the merciful and here there's a dichotomy between aziz azza

[19:37]and rahma usually you don't find many people who have both of

[19:44]these very different qualities in one person it's difficult to have that

[19:49]but these are in allah someone usually when someone has glory they

[19:55]start losing their mercy or if someone is totally merciful they have

[20:00]less glory and azza in the eyes of people allah subhanahu wa

[20:06]ta'ala is aziz but at the same time the most merciful what

[20:10]is this trying to send us a message the quran through this

[20:14]dichotomy is trying to send us a message that for those who

[20:19]are non-believers who reject the quran and reject the prophets god is

[20:22]aziz don't think that by you rejecting that you can fool god

[20:27]that you can escape from the justice of allah subhanahu ta'ala no

[20:30]allah is aziz allah has all of the glory and allah will

[20:33]hold you accountable and punish you and the punishment of allah is

[20:38]quick and it is severe and allah says in the quran is

[20:45]watching you and mersad allah is watching the people and will hold

[20:51]people accountable and then at the same time allah subhanahu ta'ala is

[21:00]who merciful towards the those who deserve the mercy of allah subhanahu

[21:05]ta'ala those who qualify for the mercy of allah subhanahu ta'ala those

[21:10]who accept the message of the prophets they deserve the compassion and

[21:15]the mercy so allah subhanahu wa ta'ala is both and the message

[21:21]of the quran is a message that should resonate in the hearts

[21:26]of both the believers they expect the mercy of allah and the

[21:30]non-believers should be afraid of the punishment of allah subhana tala if

[21:33]you don't believe then the punishment and the severe adab the torment

[21:38]of allah will fall upon you and if you believe the reward

[21:42]and the punishment this is why the quality of a believer is

[21:45]that the men being a believer should always between be between fear

[21:53]from one side i'm afraid that allah is watching me and hope

[21:58]in the mercy of allah typically you find people if they see

[22:03]a leader that is too merciful they start taking advantage of the

[22:09]leader if they see a leader that is too rough with them

[22:12]they're only afraid of the leader as a men we have to

[22:15]always be between these two qualities from one side we have to

[22:20]fear god i get up and i pray because i'm afraid of

[22:24]god but at the same time i'm praying that same prayer because

[22:26]i want the mercy of allah subhanahu ta'ala we have to be

[22:31]always between these two feelings being now the next verse explains what

[22:38]the purpose and the goal of the quran is we sent you

[22:53]in to warn a group of people who have not been warned

[23:12]before litunder aquaman their forefathers were not warned before and therefore they

[23:20]are negligent so ya rasulallah we're sending you to a group of

[23:25]people that have not been warned before because unlike the israelites and

[23:29]unlike others who had received hundreds and thousands of prophets the people

[23:33]of quraish they had not received the prophet before they had not

[23:37]received a messenger with a quran with a book that is being

[23:41]sent to them so here allah is trying to say that this

[23:44]group of people no one has come to them you are the

[23:47]first messenger that has come to them and this is why emir

[23:53]when he describes rasulallah he says and no one from the arabs

[24:15]used to read a book preferably this means a book a divine

[24:19]book and even in the literal reading the people of the arabs

[24:24]they did not read because the arabic language was developed with the

[24:28]development of the quran this is why the quran it has a

[24:30]great impact on the development of the arab arabic language the culture

[24:35]of the arabs before rasulallah was an oral culture and the arabs

[24:41]did not read or write in arabic they used to just speak

[24:44]in arabic and perhaps they used to use other languages the persian

[24:50]language and the roman language and the greek language to use their

[24:54]transactions in the very brief times that they used to record some

[24:58]transactions once the quran came rasulallah introduced them to the written language

[25:03]and slowly shifted an oral culture to a writing culture this is

[25:09]why the quran first it was memorized by the muslims orally and

[25:12]then many decades later they began to focus more on writing although

[25:17]it was written during the life of rasulullah in the arabic language

[25:22]but the arabic language was not the way it is today like

[25:25]this harakat and these dots the has two dots under it the

[25:29]bat has one dot the tat has two dots these did not

[25:32]exist these were introduced later on and the fat had the kasra

[25:38]these were not introduced until later on after during the time of

[25:42]by one of the students so he says they say that during

[25:54]the time of rasulullah before the prophet in mecca there used to

[25:59]be only 17 people that used to read and write in the

[26:04]arabic language then islam brought education islam read in the name of

[26:11]your lord the quran encouraged people to read and write more and

[26:16]shifted an oral culture into a writing culture so he says no

[26:19]one meaning a very small group of people no one used to

[26:27]read a book and no one used to claim no one before

[26:31]rasulullah claimed prophethood in mecca now this a very important theological ideological

[26:39]issue arises here because the quran says allah sends a warner because

[26:49]the justice of allah allah is the justice of god dictates that

[26:54]allah subhanahu ta'ala sends a messenger a warner to every group of

[27:00]people otherwise how is allah subhanahu ta'ala going to hold people accountable

[27:03]on the day of judgment if a teacher was not sent to

[27:06]them so what do you say about the people before rasulullah all

[27:09]the way until isa what is that graph that that that gap

[27:15]that fatra what do you do about that here our scholars they

[27:20]say that yes although a messenger in the caliber of rasulullah was

[27:26]not sent to them every community every group of people they have

[27:31]those prophets and messengers before rasulullah they have those who show people

[27:37]the the right path and the good way because not all prophets

[27:41]were in the highest caliber as the prophet musa there is some

[27:49]local prophets in our traditions we have that allah sent 124 000

[27:54]prophets and the last of whom was rasulullah so before rasulallah there

[28:00]were local prophets maybe a prophet for this village a prophet for

[28:05]this community that could be a possibility that the people of quraish

[28:08]they had local prophets not in the high caliber as rasulullah so

[28:15]allah says in the quran that we have sent you litunder man

[28:27]for home and already the word has come into effect upon most

[28:35]of them that they do not believe that just like the previous

[28:44]prophets before you the messengers before you they were sent to a

[28:47]group of people a small group of people believed in them the

[28:50]majority did not believe look at prophet noah prophet musa prophet isa

[28:54]prophet ibrahim all of the prophets a small group of people believed

[28:58]in them this is why allah mentions the people of hud and

[29:04]saleh and and other prophets where a small group of them believed

[29:08]they the the people that you typically they gave they gave the

[29:11]prophets a difficult time a hard time so allah says the majority

[29:18]of them the majority of quraish the majority of the kuffar of

[29:22]quraysh did not believe and here what is the word meaning that

[29:29]allah is talking about something that is already known what is that

[29:33]that's already known this is that allah has promised that those who

[29:38]follow shaytaan the path satan they're going to be thrown in the

[29:41]hell fire allah says allah the justice and the right and this

[29:58]is what i say that anyone who follows the path of shaytaan

[30:00]they're going to be in the hellfire in another verse allah says

[30:20]what we had already said now it has has been enacted it

[30:25]has gone into effect now here some scholars they say this is

[30:28]not talking about all of the people because allah is merciful and

[30:34]allah gives people an opportunity to repent and most of mecca at

[30:39]the end of the life of the prophet they ended up becoming

[30:43]believers most of the people of quraish they ended up believing in

[30:48]rasulallah so here some scholars they say this is talking about the

[30:52]heads of the kufr the heads of blasphemy those who did not

[30:58]believe and those who receive jahannam so allah says in the quran

[31:32]indeed we have put shackles on their necks and they are to

[31:38]their chin they have heavy shackles those who do not believe and

[31:42]on the day of judgment they have shackles on their necks and

[31:48]they come all the way to their chin so they are with

[31:51]their heads kept high here the imam says means that because of

[31:58]the shackle that's on their neck their head is raised high imagine

[32:02]someone who has a a metal on their neck so here allah

[32:06]subhanahu ta'ala is talking about those who do not believe and specifically

[32:12]some of us they say this is talking about a man like

[32:15]abu jahl who was the head of the kuffar and the pagans

[32:20]who was fighting the prophet and another man who promised to kill

[32:27]rasulullah one day rasulallah was doing sujud and praying in front of

[32:31]the kaaba abu jahl he tells his people i'm going to go

[32:34]and kill muhammad he didn't say that so he carries a huge

[32:38]rock a huge boulder and he says i'm going to go and

[32:43]smash his head with it so he carries it and he goes

[32:47]to carry it and he brings it he raises his hand and

[32:52]he sees that his hand freezes he's not able to do anything

[32:54]so his hand freezes in its place and here the quran is

[33:01]saying that they are going to be frozen with their heads raised

[33:04]high and they're going to be tied with the chains referring to

[33:10]abuja and the heads of the kuffar who tried to hurt and

[33:14]slander and physically assault rasulallah so the quran is saying in jalal

[33:38]and we have put before them a barrier and behind them a

[33:43]barrier and covered them so that they do not see so the

[33:51]people and on the day of ju in the hell fire they're

[33:52]going to be tied in shackles their heads raised high where they

[33:58]can't bring their head down and their hands tied also to their

[34:05]necks and what name and we have put before them a barrier

[34:07]and behind them a barrier so that they do not see now

[34:14]so they can't move forward and they can't move back and they

[34:18]are blinded this is the adap of those who reject the truth

[34:23]those who reject all of the signs of allah subhanahu wa ta'ala

[34:27]and then allah says in the quran was but these are a

[34:37]group of people who will be taken to the hellfire these are

[34:41]a group of people that whether you warn them or you don't

[34:45]warn them they're blinded see my dear brothers and sisters there are

[34:50]some people who if you they're doing wrong you come and you

[34:53]warn them you come and you do um and join the good

[34:56]forbid the evil and they say yes i acknowledge i was doing

[34:58]wrong and they changed their path but there are some people who

[35:02]are moanidin who are adamant in the wrong and they reject the

[35:09]truth knowing that that's the truth these are the people that will

[35:12]go to the hellfire not all of those who do wrong because

[35:14]there are some people who do wrong and then they come and

[35:17]they fix it they they come and they they fix their actions

[35:21]and they fix their life and allah is the all-forgiving but there

[35:25]are others who they do wrong knowing that this is wrong was

[35:32]whether you warn them or don't want them they don't agree and

[35:36]those were the people who rejected and remained adamant in their kufr

[35:43]while rasool rasulullah is in front of them rasulullah who's the best

[35:46]in manners the best in morality the best of akhlaq he's guiding

[35:50]them and they kept rejecting the guidance of rasulullah the quran in

[35:57]another place gives an example of an earth some there are some

[36:02]earth some soil you pour all the water you give it sun

[36:04]it won't grow anything because the soil is is toxic it won't

[36:10]grow anything nothing will grow in it and then you find another

[36:13]good earth you give it a little bit of water you give

[36:15]it you give it a little bit of sun and it gives

[36:18]you life and it gives you trees and it gives so much

[36:20]there are some people that are like the earth some give back

[36:24]and they accept the truth and others reject the truth we ask

[36:30]allah subhanahu wa ta'ala to make us from amongst those who accept

[36:34]the truth and accept the message of rasulallah and the message of

[36:40]the quran a

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2- Tafsir Surat YaSeen (Verses 1-10) - Sayed Saleh Qazwini

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