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Androgen-metabolizing enzymes can be identified in normal hair follicle locations. Hair follicles in such body regions as the face, the axilla, the pubis, and the chest are subject to the stimulatory effect of androgens. They are activated by the binding of androgens—testosterone and the more potent dihydrotestosterone. In females, testosterone comes in significant amounts from androstenedione. The sources of androgen are the adrenal glands, the gonads (ovaries, testes), the brain, and the placenta in pregnant women. Androgens are sex steroid hormones with specific locations of production. However, this percentage of telogen hair can be overestimated, with novel data indicating that only 3.6% remain in the telogen phase .
Oddly enough, hair in different locations on the body can react differently to hormonal changes. Most testosterone is bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) protein and isn’t active. This is the form of testosterone most available to act within the body. There’s "free" testosterone that isn’t bound to proteins in your body.
Women can also develop female-pattern hair loss, though the pattern differs. This process is called androgenetic alopecia (AGA), or male-pattern baldness. Women, too, sometimes notice hair loss when testosterone or other androgens shift. While testosterone therapy can restore energy, strength, libido, and mood, many men worry about whether boosting testosterone will also accelerate thinning hair or male-pattern baldness. Few topics in men’s health generate more questions than the relationship between testosterone and hair loss. Women may also experience hair loss due to androgenetic alopecia.
For people who want a low-risk, low-commitment option, caffeine makes sense. This layered approach can help support overall scalp health and maximize results. They'll apply minoxidil once or twice a day and use a caffeine shampoo or serum as part of their regular hair care routine. Many people see enough improvement with caffeine alone that they don't feel the need to move on to minoxidil. No, caffeine cannot replace minoxidil for most people.
DHT (dihydrotestosterone) is the main hormone responsible for shrinking hair follicles in androgenetic alopecia. DHT is the pivotal mediator of androgenetic alopecia, functioning through highly sensitive hair follicles which respond disproportionately even to normal testosterone levels. While testosterone increases hair growth on the face and body, its conversion to DHT contributes to hair loss on the scalp. Dermatologists therefore use the phrase "female pattern hair loss" instead of androgenetic alopecia to avoid suggesting a role for androgen excess in this type of hair loss 53,54,55. In fact, the most common form of shedding—male androgenic alopecia (also known as male pattern hair loss)—is estimated to affect between 30 percent to 50 percent of men by age 50, according to research. Scientists aren’t sure if and how DHT affects females, but they think it may play a role in body hair and pubic hair growth.
